ВАРИАНТ 2

I. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Continuous (Present, Past, Future) и группы Perfect (Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залогах. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.

1. The locomotive was moving at a high speed when the engine driver saw that the line had been damaged.

2. When we came to the station the train had already arrived, and the passengers were hurrying to occupy their seats in the cars.

3. Boeing’s new airplane is faster and more luxurious that any other vehicles, which has ever been produced.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, поставив глагол в нужную форму.

1. The bridge, which (to build – Present Continuous Passive) now, (to use – Future Indefinite Passive) for the movement of both road and railway traffic.

2. The movement of trains (to stop – Past Indefinite Passive) on that section of the line because the workers (to replace – Past Continuous Active) the sleepers.

3. Nowadays crossties (to make – Present Indefinite Passive) of wood, concrete, steel and cast-iron.

III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, выбрав правильную     форму сказуемого (Active or Passive).

1. Powerful track-laying machines (have developed, have been developed) for the building of railroads.

2. The road is closed because the road works (are conducting, are being conducted).

3. At the first railways, sleepers (laid down, were laid down) along the track; nowadays they (lay down, are laid down) transversely.

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление модальных глаголов. Подчеркните модальные глаголы в английских предложениях и в переводе

1. The dispatcher can communicate with the loco driver (машинист) over long distances by means of a radiotelephone.

2. A wagon must be cleaned before it will be used for another run.

3. Passengers should not walk across the railway lines; there is a footbridge at the end of the platform.

V. Образуйте от данных глаголов две формы Participle I. Полученные причастия переведите на русский язык

Model: to read – a) reading – читая, читающий;

                               b) having read – прочитав

1) to offer; 2) to attend; 3) to bring; 4) to discover; 5) to find; 6) to do;
7) to say; 8) to obtain; 9) to deliver; 10) to shut; 11) to ring; 12) to light;
13) to reduce; 14) to depart; 15) to implement.

VI. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle I в функциях определения и обстоятельства. Подчеркните причастия II в английских предложениях и в переводе.

1. All the trains operating on the suburban lines are driven by electricity.

2. Each railway station has at least two tracks, those for the incoming and outcoming trains.

3. The number and the spacing of the sleepers depend on the weight of trains passing over the track.

VII. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle II в функциях определения и обстоятельства. Подчеркните причастия II в английских предложениях и в переводе.

Model: a (to write) article – a written article – написанная статья.

1) a locomotive (to power) by electricity; 2) a (to delay) flight;
3) a (to break) engine; 4) a report (to type) in duplicate; 5) a (to carry out) plan; 6) a (to suspend) bridge; 7) a contract (to sign) by 2 companies;
8) mistakes (to make) in calculations; 9) the (to develop) countries;
10) railway tickets (to sell) yesterday.

VIII. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление Participle II в функциях определения и обстоятельства. Подчеркните причастия II в английских предложениях и в переводе.

1. The first steam locomotive built by G. Stephenson could draw a small train of loaded cars at a speed of thirteen miles per hour.

2. The engine designed by Rudolf Diesel is one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century.

3. The new materials recommended for bridge construction were described in the article written by our professor.

IX. Перепишите и переведите текст

MOSCOW UNDERGROUND

For the first time the idea of building the underground railway in Moscow was discussed before the revolution. However, the construction of the first section (from Sokolniki to Central Park) was initiated only in 1932. It lasted
3 years and was called the record period by the world press. The Russian engineers carefully studied the existing underground systems abroad before working out their own project, which represented a significant improvement of the London system.

The engineering difficulties were great mainly because much of the soil was composed of running sand*. Fortunately most of the running sand lay close to the surface and it was found possible to use out-and-cover method** of construction under many of the streets. However, in the city center where the line is 100 ft or deeper, the construction of tunnels was necessary....
 

X. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста.

1. Was the possibility of constructing Metro in Moscow discussed before the revolution for the first time?

2. Did the building of the Moscow Underground begin in 1917?

3. Did the project of the Moscow Metro represent a significant improvement of the London system?

4. Were all lines constructed, using cut-and-cover method?

5. Does the Moscow Metro consist of a circle line and 2 radial ones?

6. Is the construction of the Metro still going on?

7. Do Metro trains run with the intervals of about 8 minutes during peak hours?

8. Are all trains inspected for greater safety of travel every week?

9. Can the Moscow Metro compete with the underground lines of other countries in level of automation?

10. Will an “automatic driver” replace hard man’s labor in future?