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Unit 11. P.56

A Vocabulary

Match the words and phrases with the definitions.

1. valuable

2. invest

3. pension scheme

4. static

5. belongings

6. flow

7. distribution

8. interest

9. savings

10. inequality

11. extent

12. stocks and shares

13. store

A to lend money to a company or bank in oder to earn more money

B how large or important something is

C the way in which a supply of something, like money,is shared among people

D money put somewhere for later use, for exaple in the bank

E immobile, not moving

F unfairness

G a way of saving money for when you get old and stop working

H things someone own, but usually things that can be moved

I if you save money in a bank, you get this extra money for keeping in there

J movement like a river

K important or worth money

L a collection or supply of things kept for later use

M part of the value of a company - people buy and sell these

p.57

B Comprehension

Now read the text again and match each paragrath with the correct heading. There are two extra headings that you don't need.

PARAGRAPH 1 ......

PARAGRAPH 2 ........

PARAGRAPH 3 .......

PARAGRAPH 4 .........

A How goverments can create more equality

B Inequalities in income

C Inequalities in wealth

D What income is

E What wealth is

F Why there are inequalities in welth and income

p. 57

Before you read

Discuss these questions with your partner.

→ What does poverty mean? Is there a way to define it?

→ How many people in the world do you think live in poverty?

→ Do you believe in industrialised countries live in poverty?

D Vocabulary

Complete each sentence with a word or phrase from the box.

1. We ............... high crime rates with poverty and unemployment.

2. Having a ..............., a roof over your head, is a basic need of humankind.

3. How does the dictionary ............... this word?

4. Floods, droughts, hurricanes and other ............... are happening more frequently. 

5. Giving money secretly to judge or politicians so that they help you is an example of ............... .

6. Hunters will sometimes set a ............... instead of using a gun.

7. Let's hope the next ............... finally put an end to hunger and poverty.

8. The world's water supply is a ............... which involves the sea, rainfall and rivers.

9. If somebody lives in ............... poverty, that means they are completely without money to but basic necessities.

10. The ............... salary at that company is very high.

p. 60

E Comprehension

Now read the text again and answer the questions.

1. Poverty is ...............

A. only found in developing countries

B mostly in industrialised countries

C found in both developing and industrialised countries.

2. What number of people live in extreme poverty?

A three billion

B two billion

C one billion

3. How can relative poverty be explained?

A it takes into account that there are rich people

B it's a kind of poverty found in industrialised countries

C it's a kind of poverty only experienced in Britain.

4. What cause of poverty is not mentioned in the text?

A war

B lack of natural resources

C natural disasters 

5. Why can't people escape from the poverty trap?

A Because they refuse to send their children to school

B Because they need any income their children can earn

C Because goverments don't provide free education

6. According to the text, why are countries often trapped in a poverty cycle?

A There is no money for investment

B There are no schools

C The land is not good for growing crops.

p. 60

H Writing

Write a report describing tha charts on the pages 56 and 57

Report

PARAGRAPH 1

Introduction. Say generally what the charts are about - use the titles to help you.

Begin like this: These charts show how wealth and income are distributed in the UK. Figure 1 shows ...

PARAGRAPH 2

Describe figure 1 in more detail. Say how much of the wealth the top one per cent own. Compare this with the bottom 50 per cent.

Begin like this: Figure 1 shows how unfairly wealth in the UK is shared out. You can clearly see from the chart that ...

PARAGRAPH 3

Describe figure 2 in more detail. Describe the perfect distribution shown by the blue line. Give examples from the chart. Describe the real distribution shown by the red line. Give examples from the chart. Say how much of the total income the lowest 40 per cent earn. Say how much of the total income the top 30 per cent of the population earn.

Begin like this: Figure 2 compares perfect distribution of income with real distribution in the UK. The blue line shows what happens if income is evenly distributed ...

PARAGRAPH 4

Conclusion. Explain briefly what the figures show about the UK economy.

Write 200-250 words.