Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "Microprocessors"

Контрольная работа №2

Вариант 2

I. Read the text.

Microprocessors

1. A microprocessor is a computer processor that incorporates the functions of a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit (IC), or sometimes up to 8 integrated circuits. The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital integrated circuit that accepts binary data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory and provides results (also in binary form) as output. Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic. Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary number system....

II. Read the text again and answer the following questions:
1. What is a microprocessor? 
2. What do microprocessors contain? 
3. What do microprocessors operate on? 
4. How are integrated circuit processors produced? 
5. Why do single-chip processors increase reliability?
6. What is the complexity of an integrated circuit bounded by?
7. What might a minimal hypothetical microprocessor include?
8. What does the ALU perform?
9. What does each operation of the ALU set? 
10. What might a single operation code affect?

III. Decide whether the following statements are true, false, or information is not available: a) T (true), b) F (false), c) NA (not available). 1. The microprocessor is a multipurpose, clock driven, register based, digital integrated circuit. 2. Microprocessors don’t contain sequential digital logic. 3. The integration of a whole CPU onto a single or a few integrated circuits greatly reduced the cost of processing power. 4. Processor clock frequency has increased more rapidly than external memory speed. 5. Before microprocessors, small computers had been built using racks of circuit boards with many medium- and small-scale integrated circuits. 6. The ALU doesn’t perform subtraction and operations such as AND or OR. 7. Each operation of the ALU sets one or more flags in a status register. 8. The CPU cache has the advantage of faster access than off-chip memory and increases the processing speed of the system for many applications. 9. As integrated circuit technology advanced, it was feasible to manufacture more and more complex processors on a single chip. 33 10. Integration of the floating point unit first as a separate integrated circuit and then as part of the same microprocessor chip didn’t speed up floating point calculations. 

IV. Match the words (1-10) with the definitions (a-j): 1. intelligent agent a. a domain characterized by the use of electronics and the electromagnetic spectrum to store, modify, and exchange data via networked systems and associated physical infrastructures. 2. boot virus b. a computer program that targets and infects a specific, physical section of a computer system that contains information crucial to the proper operation of the computer's operating system (OS). 3. cyberspace c. the system, electronic or manual, which is substituted for the computer system in case of breakdown. 4. garble d. a measure of the realism of a model or simulation. 5. wireless portal e. a sequence of packets from a source computer to a destination. 6. buffer f. a computing hardware- or software-based system that operates without the direct intervention of humans or other agents. 

V. Complete the sentences (1-10) with the words (a-j): a) systems b) computers c) equipment d) features e) creative f) needs g) windows h) supervision i) information j) life 1. Сomputing ..... is getting smaller and more sophisticated. 2. Computers in phones provide ..... such as call forwarding, call monitoring, and call answering. 3. Smart machines make ..... a little easier and a little more pleasant. 4. With small computing devices people are able to spend more time doing what they do best – being ..... . 5. Multimedia ..... are known for their educational and entertainment value. 6. Experts systems software enables ..... to ‘think’ like experts. 7. Cars with built in computers can be programmed to better meet individual ..... . 7. fidelity g. a Web site that supports a user with a smartphone or alphanumeric pager. 8. wildcard h. a symbol that stands for one or more unspecified characters, used especially in searching text and in selecting multiple files or directories. 9. traffic i. to alter a message intentionally or unintentionally so that it is difficult to understand. 10. fallback k. a temporary storage area, usually in RAM. 35 8. A smart house has a built-in monitoring system that can turn lights on and off, open and close ..... , operate the oven, and more. 9. Computers are part of many machines and devices that once required continual human ..... and control. 10. Smart cards store vital ..... such as health records, drivers’ licenses, bank balances, and so on.

VI. Put the words (1-10) in the correct order to make up sentences:

1. 2020, In, skills, should, be, digital, in, every, taught, school. 
2. literacy, is, Digital, important, very, nowadays. 
3. Attaining, has, skills, never, been, digital, easy.
4. seeds, classical, The, of, AI, by, were, modern, planted, philosophers. 
5. is, A, chip, a, semi-conducting, usually, basically, material, silicon. 
6. computer, Magnetic, chips, can, computers, power, by, using, much, energy, than, otherwise, less, required. 
7. designs, manufacturing, Microprocessor, improve, the, of, cost, a, chip. 36
8. types, Newer, of, are, robots, fitted, with, cameras, and, video, other, sensing, devices. 
9. digital, The, age, is, into, all, areas, of, expanding, our, lives.
10. come, Most, the, high-end, of, graphics, cards, with, an, independent, cooling, power, supply, and, system.

VII. Complete each sentence with a verb in the correct form: -ing or -to: 1. Now financial institutions can afford ….. money around the world in seconds. a) transferring b) to transfer 2. At the microeconomic level businesses practise ….. money more effectively. a) investing b) to invest 3. Modern businesses plan ….. more competitive using computer technologies. a) becoming b) to become 4. Accountants hope ….. costs and profits much faster. a) calculating b) to calculate 5. Individuals keep on ….. savings on many goods and services using price comparison websites. a) making b) to make 6. If a business wishes ….. , it must grasp the importance of information security. a) prospering b) to prosper 7. In today’s constantly changing world organizations are compelled ….. ways of functioning effectively. a) to find b) finding 8. Automating some processes enables you ….. new hires. a) avoiding b) to avoid 37 9. The businessmen avoided ….. documents. a) endorsing b) to endorse 10. The CEO considered ….. a subsidiary company. a) starting up b) to start up 

VIII. Complete the sentences (1-10) with the correct form of the gerund (a-c): 1. The students discussed … the last exam. a) passing b) being passed c) having been passed 2. We discussed … a new business. a) being opened b) having been opened c) opening 3. With cloud computing, multiple users can access a single server to retrieve and update their data without … licenses for different applications. a) purchasing b) being purchased c) having been purchased 4. He finished … his computer at about ten o’clock. a) being repaired b) having been repaired c) repairing 5. Local authorities play an important role in … the delivery of digital infrastructure. a) being facilitated b) facilitating c) having been facilitated 6. We heard of the experiment … last month. a) having been started b) having started c) starting 7. We have succeeded in … a new competitive market. 38 a) having been entered b) being entered c) entering 8. After … the contract, the representative of the firm left Moscow. a) having been concluded b) concluding c) being concluded 9. Robots shine at … chips in printed circuit boards because of a capability that robots have that people don’t. a) installing b) being installed c) having been installed 10. They may resume … very hard at their new project. a) being worked b) working c) having been worked 

IX. Choose the correct option (a – c) to complete the sentences (1-10): 1. Digital networking and communication infrastructures ..… a global platform over which people and organizations devise strategies, interact, communicate, collaborate and search for information. a) has been providing b) provide c) provides 2. Governments ….. in infrastructure. a) are investing b) has been investing c) had been investing 3. Digital technology in the form of the Personal Computer and the Internet ….. work, education, government, leisure and entertainment. a) have already transformed b) has already transformed c) had already transformed 4. The emergence of new digital infrastructures ….. the next radical shift in digital technology. a) have been heralding b) heralds c) herald 39 5. The widespread adoption of handheld computers, mobile phones, digital cameras, satellite navigation and embedded sensors ….. the beginning of a shift towards a world of ubiquitous computing. a) are marking b) mark c) marks 6. Ubiquitous computing ….. a key engine of innovation for our future digital economy. a) have been representing b) represent c) represents 7. Information technology ….. a great impact on markets, organization of firms, and methods of innovation. a) are having b) is having c) has 8. Business firms and other organizations …… on information systems to carry out and manage their operations, interact with their customers and suppliers, and compete in the marketplace. a) has been relying b) relies c) rely 9. Today the government ….. back on grants for industrial training. a) is cutting b) have been cutting c) was cutting 10. As we needed the finance urgently we ….. a day-to-day loan with the bank last week. a) have been arranged b) arranged c) have arranged

X. Choose the correct form of the verb (a-b) in the passive voice to complete the sentences (1-10): 1. Digital economy ….. as the branch of economics studying zero marginal cost intangible goods over the Internet. a) are defined b) has been defined 40 2. Various attempts at categorizing the size of the impact on traditional sectors ….. . a) was made b) have been made 3. Digital goods, such as electronic books and software, and online services, such as auctions and social networking, ….. with information systems. a) are delivered b) has been delivered 4. As the business and security teams operate in separate silos, security ….. as an afterthought. a) were applied b) is applied 5. It is imperative that security teams understand key business priorities and ensure that they ….. into the planning process early. a) was brought b) are brought 6. Every computer system ….. of a large number of such chips or microprocessors. a) is made b) were made 7. Robots ….. by the poisonous fumes. a) was unaffected b) are unaffected 8. Some robots ….. in space projects, nuclear reactor stations, and underwater exploration research. a) are used b) was used 9. Silicon ….. in building computer chips because it’s an inexpensive and easily available material. a) are used b) is used 10. The boring and dangerous jobs ….. by robots now. a) are assumed b) was assumed