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TASKS

I. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian and the choice of conditionals.

1. At the trial ifthe defendant is convicted, a date for sentence is set.

2. The plaintiff dropped the case if she accepted a six-figure settlement collected by civil rights.

3. Ifhe'd seen the decree on the fifth, he'd have known it was a forgery.

4. The preference not to imprison if a fine or other punishment is sufficient is easily explainable: prisons are overcrowded.

5. Should he or she move outside the permitted area. the computer will activate an alarm and the police will arrest him or her.

6. He or she can call his or her own witnesses who, if they do not want to attend voluntarily, may be legally compelled to doso.

7. It would have to look like an accident or suicide because if it looked like anything else. he would be the first one the police would suspect.

8. The present Law operates a presumption to the effect that the existence of a corporation need be mentioned in the Charter only if the duration is not.

9. He had hoped he would have been able to drive past the post, but it looked as he would have to stop.

10. The point of the woman being strange (3g. suspicious) is this: if she had known him and wanted to kill him, it would have been more natural to do so inside somewhere and not to take this insane risk of killing him in theopen.

11. From reading the transcript. Adam judged that there was no real evidence against Jennifer Parker. Unless she confessed or unless someone came forward with information that proved criminal complicity, Di Silva would not
be able to touch the girl.

12. It isn't that Mason told him but if you've followed my cases, you'll note that most of them have been cleared up in the courtroom.

13. If anybody's going to be hung for murder on my say-so( 1), I want it to be after a case is built up which can't be tom down.

14. During the first year of school while Jennifer's classmates were flailing about in an impenetrable swamp of contracts, torts, property, civil procedure and criminal law, Jennifer felt as though she had come home.

15. Ifthere is a will Im the executrix of it. if there isn't. I'm entitled to letters of administration.(2)

IL. Match the phrases in the left column with those from the right to make up sentences.

1. If he has a murder case.                                                       a) the divorce was inoperative.
2. If he had shot himself,                                                           b) the accused is sentenced to jail or
payment of a fine.

3. If anyone had a motive for killing him,                                  c) the penalty is imposed.
4. If it hadn't been for this murder, the gun.                              d) he'd have left some fingerprints on

5. If the parrot is to be a witness.                                              e) I'll listen to him.

6. Chiles had said there would be no deal, examination.          f) I should have some right of cross-

7. It could open up a new frontier of civil rights suits.                g) it means that he commits a crime.

8. Supposing the state recovered nothing,                               h) providing the High Court agrees.

9. Ifthe appeal is unsuccessful or                                             i) if the private lawyers were satisfied
the defendant decides nottoappeal.                                         with the fee agreement.

10. If Fremont C.Sabin was killed                                             j) all the lawyers money they pumped
before Mrs. Sabin was divorced.                                             into the case would be flushed.

11. Ifajudge finds a verdict of  guilt.                                          k) you did.

12. Ifa person breaks the law or                                              l) no one would ever have detected
violates public order, that forgery.

Conditional sentences: type 1.

IIL. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. If the High Court... (uphold) the Chicago law, dozens of cities... (be expected) to pass similar measures.

2. You ... (need) probably a lawyer . if you ... (wish) to buy, sell or rent ahouse.

3. Unless the case .. .(be) serious, the arrested person ... (be)usually granted bail if he or she ... (be able) to be quickly brought to court.

4. In this category are the laws valid which impose civil liability for slander or libel, you .. .(be allowed) to call a man a thief unless he ...(be) a thief.

5. If the House ... (vote) for the bill. it .. (proceed) to the committee stage.

6. Ifthe proof ... (not be) sufficient, thejury -.. (return) a not guilty verdict.

7. That, basically, ... (be) the standard which the government ... (not be) meet if it... (seek) to limit political speech.

8. Ifthe House so ... (decide) the whole House sitting in the committee ... (refer) to the bill.

9. Occasionally, if circumstances or policies ... (change). provisions ... (not be) brought into effect and may be repealed.

10. Ifpeople ... (not attend) their trial, they ... (lose) money (bail).

11. Ifthe magistrates ... (find) a person guilty after a trial, they may imose fines for each offence or ... (be able) to send people to prison.

12. lam waming you for the last time: you ... (not win) if you ... (attempt) to contest the will after my death.

13. If magistrates ... (be) content to deal with the case. they ... (do) so with the consent of the accused.

14. If a landlord ... (fail) to provide adequate proofs, he ... (be able) now to receive a fine of up to $250 a day.

15. If an individual MP ... (die) or ... (resign) between General Elections a by-election in a single constituency ... (be held).

Conditional sentences: type 2.

IV. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. Ifhe ... (win) the election, it ... (mean) moving to Washington. DC. giving up his law practice. starting a whole new life.

2. It was a prize that took years to attain, and he ... (not be) about to deprive someone of it unless he (be) certain there was justification.

3. If court ... (be) not in session she ... (nang) around his office, listening to him discuss his cases and his clients.

4. AllI did was to request Mr. Monroe to ask the computer if there ... (be) other possible suspects.

5. Ifthe telephone line ... (be tapped) by the police. Sergeant Holcomb ... (know) about it, and if that's the case, the police must have records of the conversations which took place over that phone ...

6. He seemed to think that he ... (be dragged)up before the Grand Jury in San Molinas if he ... (try) anything like that.

7. I think, I ... (can), Mason told him if I ... (be permitted) to question the witnesses.

8. If someone ...(say). I will give you $500 to go into court and swear that this statement is true, what you ... (do)?

9. The officers followed too closely, knowing there ... (be) not enough room to stop if the pursued ... (lose) control.

10. That meant if tobacco ... (pay) the lawyers, they ... (have) to acquiesce to arbitration and an annual $500-million natural fee cup.

11. If we ... (be) going to represent more than the few states we were representing. we ... (need) more financial horsepower and more legal horsepower.

12. If the powerful tobacco lobby ... (know) what was coming, the legislation ... (be) doomed.

13 If I ... (come) across two men fighting with knives I ... (call) the police. - But this is a very peaceful area.

14. Texas lawyers agreed to get as much as they could back to the state if arbitrators ... (short) them on the contracted 15 per cent.

15. IfI ... (keep) a district attomey record, I ... (give) him more points for finding out somebody was innocent and not prosecuting that person than I would for getting a convict just because he had gone into court.

Conditional sentences: type 3.

V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

1. He... (ask) for an annulment or a divorce. if he ... (not be) for his dread for publicity.

2. She was sent to prison only because she refused to pay the fine: if she ... (pay) the fine she ... (not be) sent to prison.

3. If there ... (be) any kind of inquiry, he ... (be sought) certainly for questioning.

4. The authorities ... (arrest) me in Hanoi, if they ... (know) of my illegal purpose. but. fortunately, I was free.

5. If Dorothy ... (be killed) the murderer ... (swear) on a dozen Bibles.

6. He was insanely jealous and yes, he admitted, if he ... (have) the opportunity and the means, he ... (kill) Anton.

7.1 just thought that if I ... (get) the truth out of him, someone ... (start) already the investigation.

8. If any of the vice interests ... (decide) to bump Sabin off (1). they ... (hire) a down-and-outer (2) to do the job, or else ... (nave) a mobster (3) put on the act.

9. If she ... (secure) a California divorce, she ... (have) to wait a year for the interlocutory decree to be become final. before she could have married again.

10. The accident was mainly Tom's fault. He was driving much too close to the car in front. If he ... (be) further away he ... (be able) to stop in time.

11. The burglar made quite a lot of noise getting into the house: but fortunately for him the family were watching a noisy TV play. If they ... (play) cards they ... (hear) certainly him.

12. We were traveling with false passports. That was the trouble. If our passports ... (be) all right we ... (not be) arrested.

13. They voted by a show of hands and decided in favor of a strike. But it was by a narrow margin. and I think if they ... (hold) a secret ballot there ... (not be) a strike. 

VII. Complete the sentences using different forms of conditionals.

1. If the jury's verdict is ‘guilty’, ... .
2. There must be a trial providing ... .

3. The judge can interfere in case ....

4. The accused would face a maximum term of life in prison without parole if...

5. Ifhe had been convicted of the murders, ... -

6. Were the jurors convicted of the guilt of the defendant, ....

7. Ifthe only suspect didn't doit, ... .

8. The defendant should have been acquitted supposed ... .

9. Ifthe jury remains out forlong enough ... .

10. It would have been convenient for the blackmailer, if... .

11. It can be murder or manslaughter provided that ... .

12. If you were to get involved in the solving of a real crime, perhaps a crime of great complexity, ... .

13. Unless the case is serious. ... .

14. Should the proof be not sufficient, ... .

15. If you've been tampering with my witnesses,’ the prosecuting attorney exploded, I...

Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

1. Если присяжные признали подсудимого виновным, судья опре- деляет ему меру наказания.
2. Если бы был нанесен ущерб собственности юридических и фи- зических лиц, то могло бы быть использовано деликатное право.
3. Если закон все-таки будет нарушен, необходимо использование средств судебной защиты и судопроизводства.
4. У полиции не будет ни одного ключа к разгадке преступления, если подтвердится алиби главного подозреваемого.
5. Если все-таки так случится, что шантажист выдаст себя, нам не нужно будет платить выкуп.
6. Адвокату удастся добиться освобождения подсудимого в случае отсутствия прямых доказательств его вины.
7. Будь я на твоем месте, я бы признался в соучастии в преступле- нии, говоря, что не осознавал всей ответственности в случае провала.
8. Преступник так и не был бы пойман, если бы обстоятельства де- ла не были бы полностью расследованы.
9. При условии, что правительство уйдет в отставку, представи- тель правых получит право выиграть на выборах.
10. Если бы милиция действовала более решительно, террористам не удалось бы скрыться безнаказанно.
11. В случае отсутствия отпечатков пальцев на орудии убийства и улик, указывающих на конкретное лицо, перед следователями возникнет трудная задача раскрыть преступление.
12. Если обвиняемый признает себя виновным, дело слушается без присяжных.