практическое задание

Задание 1. Прочитайте и ПИСЬМЕННО переведите письменно текст, задайте к нему 10 вопросов.

Путешествуя узнай и пойми мир.

Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places, or just for a change of scene. It’s always interesting to discover new things, different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.

Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City-dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and laze in the sun.

Most travelers and holiday-makers take a camera with them and take pictures of everything that interests them - the sights of a city, old churches and castles, views of mountains, lakes, valleys, plains, waterfalls, forests; different kinds of trees, flowers and plants, animals and birds. Later, perhaps years later, they will be reminded by the photos of the happy time they have had.

People travel by train, by plane, by boat, by car, by bike and on foot. People travel to have a holidays or to have business. If people have business trips they choose the fastest transport. They often travel by plane or by train. It is very expensive but it is very fast. And if people want to have a rest they choose traveling by boat, by car, on horseback and etc. All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. And people choose one according to their plans and destinations.

If we are fond of traveling, we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home, though we may read about them in books and newspapers, and see pictures of them on TV. The best way to study geography is to travel, and the best way to get to know and understand people is to meet them in their own homes.

Задание 2. Прочитайте, ПИСЬМЕННО переведите текст, запишите основную мысль каждого абзаца. Составьте 10 вопросов.

Universities of Great Britain

Education is a process of teaching and learning, gaining new knowledge, experience, and practice. It is a very valuable possession for every person, as the earlier you start, the deeper knowledge you are going to have. We have been taught for all our life since the birth. Our first teacher is our mum, later we receive useful information in the kindergarten, then we develop our skills at school, but eventually each intelligent person makes a decision to enter a higher educational establishment. If you desire to become a student of the university, you should work hard to prepare for it. Usually the choice of the university is a very serious decision, so no wonder that more and more school graduates want to study in the best educational establishments. Many European teenagers head for Great Britain, as its universities are famous all around the world and their diplomas are valued everywhere.

British universities have their own peculiarities: all of them but one, receive the State financing and have considerably higher fees, usually students have only a major specialty without a minor one and almost all students attend establishments far away from their native towns, so universities provide students with accommodation.

There are several types of universities in Great Britain. The first type is the ancient ones. All of them were founded between the 16th and the 19th centuries and are very reputable. The top place of them is divided between two well-known universities: Oxford and Cambridge, both known as Oxbridge. Though they have rivalry, there is also a great cooperation between them. A lot of elite

people are the graduates of these universities, though they have differences in educational process. Each of them is divided into more than thirty colleges. Colleges at Oxford suggest only those subjects for the students that depend on the field of their study, but Cambridge colleges give a chance to choose the subjects from the list according to your preferences. Oxford University was founded in 1096 and now more than 20,000 students attend it. It offers a broad array of courses, cooperates with numerous organizations, but a degree there will cost you a pretty penny. Cambridge University is also known as the biggest public research center and was founded in 1209 by scholars, who had escaped to Cambridge from Oxford. There are more than 18,000 students there and some of the colleges admit only women. Students attend not only group teaching sessions, but also have supervisions. Each of the graduates remains a member of the college forever.

The second type of the universities is red brick ones. They got their name because of the material they are built with and are located in Manchester, Birmingham and Leeds. They were established during Queen Victoria’s reign and before World War II. They differ from the ancient ones because of being non-collegiate and they have taught only locals. They used to admit only men and focus only on “practical subjects”. Red Brick Universities were started as preparatory courses, but nowadays they award with their own degrees.

New universities are subdivided into two types: the campus and the newer civic ones. They appeared after the Robins Report and the ones founded in the 1960s are considered "Plate Glass Universities". The Campus Universities are situated in the countryside, have enough accommodation for international students, provide teaching in small groups and put an emphasis on relatively new disciplines. The New Civic Universities used to be technical colleges and are known after 1992 as university. Gradually they were given the right to award with the degree. They are known as “polytechnics” and suggest “sandwich” courses (the possibility of studying outside the establishment).

The last type of the universities is called the Open University. It centers on a distant learning. In 2005 there were more than 180,000 students and it became the largest institution of the UK higher education. The administration of it is based in Buckinghamshire and it has 13 regional offices all over the country. The students of this university get information on TV, radio, in the course-books or the Internet. The students have tutors, who check their works and discuss them. In summer they have short residential courses according to the field of study.

British Universities are very reputable and attract thousands of students from different countries. All of them have necessary facilities for studying, professional staff and numerous courses. There are also courses for undergraduates and postgraduates, so each person can find something to his taste. British Universities support their students awarding them with grants, special scholarships or other benefits, so try hard and the degree of such a university can be yours.