Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "Energy and Its Sources"

I.  Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1.  Nowadays the problem of water treatment has become very urgent.

      2.  There is a great waste of natural resources that will never be available again.      

      3.  The world is facing a serious problem of potential shortage of energy.

      4.  It is getting easier and cheaper to recycle the rubbish all the time.

      5.  Industrialization and intense population growth have altered the relationship between      humans and their natural environment.

b) Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на страдательный залог (Simple Passive)

1.   Some old concepts of heating were gradually changed.

2.   These pipes will be treated with a protective coating.

3.   Solar power is often mentioned as the logical alternative.

4.   Air pollution was ignored in Japan for years.

5.   Water surface of the ocean is evaporated by the heat of the sun.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и определите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого; предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. The amount of energy consumed by a country is closely connected with its degree of technological development and industrialization  
2. Hydroelectric power is available when a stream can be dammed to form a large reservoir, permitting falling water to turn a hydraulic turbine connected to an electric generator.
3. Because of the increasing demand for power, the world’s resources of fuel will be used  up one day.
4.   When burnt for fuel, harmful pollution may result.
5.   Dispersed volumes of toxic wastes from fossil fuels could do more damage to public health than nuclear waste.  

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. To these sources we can add the energy obtained from water motion and the sun.
2.  If the world is to solve the long-range energy problem, it must look for and make use ofall available practical sources economically.
3.  In the process of filtration the water is allowed to pass through layers of fine sand to remove remaining germs and particles.
4.  For the generation of electricity serious problems have to be solved.
5. People should be concerned about protecting environment and the distribution of natural resources.

IV.  Прочитайте и устно переведите следующий текст. Выполните задание после текста.

Text.   Energy and Its Sources

1. The world is facing a serious problem of potential shortage of energy, which is extremely important to meeting all of man's physical needs—clothing, shelter, transportation, convenience, recreation, etc.

The consumption of energy is expected to grow. The amount of energy consumed by a country is closely connected with its degree of technological development and industrialization, which are in turn related to the people's standard of living.

2. Energy can be classified according to its sources. The principal materials now used for obtaining energy are of plant and animal origin, deposited in the earth over millions of years in the form of coal, oil, and natural gas. But when they are burned for fuel, harmful pollution may result and there is a great waste of natural resources that will never be available again....

   Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту. Полученные ответы переведите на русский язык.

   1. What is the problem that the world is facing?

   2. Why is the energy consumption expected to grow?

   3. What materials are mainly used for energy generation at present?

   4. Of what origin are they?

   5. When were wood and coal the main energy sources?

   6. Why are fossil fuels harmful t® use?

   7. How long are reserves of natural gas and oil expected to last?

   8. How is hydroelectric power generated?

   9. Is solar power costly?

   10. How long may the existing energy resources last?

   11. What are the conclusions that must he made?

   12. Can nuclear energy be considered the energy of the future?

    

   V. Прочитайте текст и выполните задание после текста

   Solar Technology Without Exotic Elements

   Contrary to what we think, water is not only present in the desert but in great quantities too. Whole seas are sometimes there under sands. But most often this water is salty and cannot be used for drinking. So it has to be lifted and desalinated.

   The sun's rays can be used to operate a special turbine developing about half a kilowatt. Half a kilowatt seems very little. But it is quite a lot in the desert, for it means about two cubic metres of water lifted from a considerable depth, and water means life....
    

   Закончите следующие предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста. Полученные предложения переведите на русский язык.

    Water in the desert can be found  in ….. but this water is …The sun’s rays can be used to ...Simple solar water heaters can …Creation of solar energy is …