Сделать задание разбор анализ текста, на текст The luncheon (After S

Сделать задание разбор анализ текста, на текст The luncheon (After S. Maugham), только на этот текст.

The text under analysis/consideration is an extract from article/novel/story by… (author). It is written in Standard English. The style is literary, though among the vocabulary some words belonging to colloquial style can be traced, e.g. drop-out, youngster.

Etymology

From the point of etymology the text presents a certain interest. It abounds in borrowed words (borrowings).

There are a lot of Latin borrowings, e.g. school, political, migration…

There are also a number of words that are French borrowings, e.g. journey, restaurant, country…

There is also an interesting borrowing from Sanskrit – a word nirvana.

As far as native words are concerned, I can name the following examples of the common Germanic word-stock, e.g. those, all, water, rich, barefoot.

II Morphological structure of words

For the morphemic analysis I have chosen the following words: nirvana, cost, road, gap, way - these are one-morphemic root words consisting

of free morphemes.

Freely, desperate, stranger – these are two-morphemic words consisting of a root morpheme and a derivational suffix, e.g. the word stranger consists of a root morpheme –strange and a suffix –r.

Due to the analysis on the Immediate Constituents level we take the word removing and divide it into the following constituents:

–Re is a prefix and moving is the left part.

The word moving is divided into the root morpheme move+suffix –ing.

-impoverished

III Word building

On this level of analysis we can see some examples of compound words barefoot, gunpoint, nightmare, someone, high-school.

One of the most productive ways of forming new words is affixation. The words that are formed this way are: misfortune, ungentlemanly, reasonably.

There are also words formed by means of conversion: settle-to settle, to start-start, to dwarf – dwarf, rain – to rain.

IV. Semasiology

Let’s move on to the level of semasiology (semantics).

In the given text the following examples of semantic change may be found, e.g. the original meaning of the word police was "the regulation and control of a community" and now in the modern dictionaries of the English language the following meaning can be found:

the official organization that makes people obey the law and that protects people and places against crime, or the people who work for this organization

As a result we can conclude that this is a process of restriction (narrowing) of a meaning.

Another example can be given with the word labour. Initially it was a part of the name of organization – The British Labour party, and now it means (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/work),  (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/especially) the  (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/type) of  (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/work) that  (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/needs) a lot of  (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/physical)  (ttps://dictionary.cambridge.org/ru/%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C/%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%BE-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9/effort)

So

So this is an example of extension of a meaning.

Also in the text we can see some examples of stylistic devices, e.g. 2 cases of metonymy - Countries rarely welcome strangers into their midst,

whose passports allow them to move and settle reasonably
and one metaphor - on the wrong side of a line that now divides the

world.

The text contains numerous polysemantic words: back, paper, line.

In the text we can find the following synonyms: line-border, cost-price, journey-trip, horrendous-terrible.

We form a chain of synonyms

Horrendous-terrible-awful-shocking

Here awful is a synonymic dominant.

Also a pair of antonyms can be found: poor-rich, gain-misfortune.

We can also give some examples of homonyms:

Rain – reign - …