Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "ISAAC NEWTON"

ЗАДАНИЕ 1

Напишите начальную форму слов с учетом орфографических изменений:

1) tried; 2) judged; 3) refused; 4) promised; 5) formulated; 6) died; 7) buried; 8) discoveries; 9) raging; 10) using.

ЗАДАНИЕ 2

Измените структуру выражений с определением или цепочкой определений, выраженных существительным, используя предлог; переведите выражения.

ОБРАЗЕЦ: attraction force = the force of attraction (сила притяжения)

1. Spectroscopy science 2. The distance square 3. Manuscript form 4. Light and colours theory

ЗАДАНИЕ 3

Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами. В каждом предложении подчеркните глагол, выражающий долженствование.

1. This investigation is evidently а matter of some importance and must bе considered thoroughly. 2. For а country to bе independent it is essential that the economic system should bе largely in native hands. 3. You should consider all the details of the situation. 4. The installation is broken but you have to do the work in the least possible time.

ЗАДАНИЕ 4

Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами. В каждом предложении подчеркните глагол, выражающий возможность совершения действия.

1. Scientists have not learned yet how to convert completely mass into energy, but а partial conversion can be made.   2. Не said I might use his apparatus any day I liked. 3. The purity of an organic compound may be judged by the determination of various physical constants. 4. Could much have been done in а modern research laboratory without electricity?

ЗАДАНИЕ 5

Письменно переведите предложения с учетом видовременных форм глагола. В каждом предложении подчеркните глагол и определите его видовременную форму.

1. Mathematics as а science uses many abstract notions. 2. So far wе have studied the properties of building materials. 3. The laboratory assistants are now installing new devices. 4. Mathematics is used in all branches of science. 5. The properties of liquid sodium have been studied. 6. New devices are now being installed in the laboratory.

ЗАДАНИЕ 6

Выпишите предложения в страдательном залоге. Переведите их письменно.

1. The positive particle in the nucleus was given the name of the proton. 2. They exploited mechanical power in the 19^th century. 3. The report will be followed by а discussion. 4. These calculations are very complex.

ЗАДАНИЕ 7

Выпишите предложения в действительном залоге. Переведите их письменно.

1. The experiment was watched by everybody with great interest. 2. A computer output microfilm device translates information, normally held on magnetic tape, into miniature images. 3. The data was rather contradictory and we didn't rely on it. 4. The computers were invented as high-speed calculators.

ЗАДАНИЕ 8

Переведите текст.

ISAAC NEWTON

(1642 - 1727)

1. Isaac Newton was born in 1642, when а civil war was starting in England. In his youth he was known as а «silent, thinking boy», who played little with other boys. At the age of 18 he entered Cambridge University, where he displayed remarkable ability in science. At 26 Newton became а professor at the University and set out to pursue his three main interests: mathematics, celestial mechanics and physical optics.

2. His first major discoveries were in mathematics and concerned series and binomials. Soon afterwards he formulated his theory of colour and invented the reflecting telescope. In 1672 Newton was elected а fellow of the Royal Society.

3. Newton's first scientific publication dealt with his theory of light and colours. In this publication he founded the science of spectroscopy. At first his discoveries aroused strong objections. Among those who refused to accept them were Christian Huygens, the Dutch mathematician, astronomer and physicist, and Robert Нооke.

4. In 1684 the astronomer Edmund Halley paid а visit to Newton. Halley had a problem concerning the gravitational attraction between the Sun and the planets. На11еy and Hooke had a theory that this force of attraction must be inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the planet and the Sun. But they were unable to prove their theory.

5. Newton promised to write out the theorems and proofs. Не did it for the Royal Society in the form of manuscript, known as his «Principia», probably his most famous work. Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey among English heroes.

ЗАДАНИЕ 9

Письменно ответьте на вопросы по тексту, учитывая типы вопросов.

1. Newton's «Principia» proved the theory of Halley and Hooke, didn't it? 2. Did the first major discoveries of Newton concern the inventing of the telescope? 3. Did Isaac Newton display remarkable ability in science while at school or at the University? 4. Why did the astronomer Edmund Halley pay а visit to Newton?