Домашнее задание

CHANGE THE SENTENCES USING THE COMPLEX SUBJECT

1) TO BELIEVE (считается)

Scientists are sure that this virus originated in the tropics of America.

We all believe that the new virus originated in December 2019 in a Wuhan market.

They think that the pandemic originated in Africa and then spread to Europe through infected rats.

The police are sure that “Shining path” has strong ties with drug traffickers.

2) TO REPORT (сообщается, согласно сообщениям, как сообщают)

According to the reports, the US President is in poor health.

According to the reports, the suspect has disappeared.

The authorities report that he is now working at the Presidential Palace.

According to the reports, similar destruction took place in 1998.

They report that the disease has reached Ireland.

Media report that when Hadow was asked if he would defend his title, he said No. (When …)

3) TO KNOW (известно, как известно)

It is known that consuming this fruit provides many health benefits.

It is known that Socrates said that knowledge is virtue.

Everybody knows that coffee originated in Ethiopia.

4) TO APPEAR (по всей видимости, по-видимому, как представляется, все указывает на то, что)

It appears that the universe we live in has four dimensions.

Now we can suppose that the economy has recovered from the shock.

They suppose this explains the events in the country.

We can now suppose that the matter has been resolved.

His plan must have been effective.

5As we now understand the economic growth accelerated in the last quarter of 2021.

5) TO HAPPEN (вы случайно не … ; доводиться)

You haven`t seen my pen anywhere, have you? (You don`t …)

You don`t know any ghost stories, do you? (You don`t …)

4If you have never read his stories before you will find them rather weird. (If you happen …)

Did you see him last night? (Did you …)

Did you hear where they were going? (Did you …)

6) TO HEAR (слышали, было слышно, как …)

They heard how she criticized the manager.

We heard how he shut the door behind him.

4Somebody heard that John Frost cried out “Equality and no King!” when he was drunk.

At the end we heard that he said that he preferred the miracle theory.

7) TO SEE (видели, было замечено)

They saw that a man left the helicopter and that he was carrying a suitcase.

TEST

I. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund and insert prepositions where necessary:

1. Be realistic: there is no point … (make) plans you can`t possibly keep.
2. Find a quiet place where you can work … (interrupt).
3. Make sure you know exactly what to do … (check) the instructions.
4. It is no use … (spend) too much time on one question.
5. You should take regular exercise … (sit) in front of television all day.
6. You can`t earn a lot of money … (sit) at home.
7. Tom insisted … (tell) the truth; he wanted to know everything.
8. Are you interested … (work) for us?
9. Has Tom succeeded … (find) a job yet?
10. Now Jane regretted … (buy) the dress as she couldn`t get used … (wear) fashionable clothes.

II. Paraphrase the following, using the gerund (or complexes with the gerund)

1. George took more exercise and so lost weight.
2. Don`t try to escape. It`s no use.
3. He was angry with Tom because he was late.
4. His wife was there and so he said nothing.
5. Ron sleeps on the floor. He doesn`t mind it. He has always slept on the floor.
6. Sue is doing an examination next week. Her mother is not very happy about it.
7. I wouldn`t repair these shoes if I were you.
8. You put people`s lives in danger if you drive carelessly.

III. Complete the following , using the gerund (or complexes with the gerund):

1. I hear you have given up the idea …
2. She objected …
3. Avoid …
4. I had the pleasure …
5. Would you mind …

IV. Translate into English:

1. У меня нет настроения разговаривать с ним, я не дождусь его ухода.
2. Тебе придется привыкнуть есть меньше, если хочешь похудеть.
3. Вы настаиваете на том, чтобы окно было открыто?
4. Его похвалили за то, что он выполнил работу в срок.
5. Вы ничего не имеете против того, чтобы я тоже пришел?
6. Он отрицал, что я его видел.
7. Можете положиться на то, что я этого не упомяну.
8. Я ничего не знал о том, что они возвращаются весной.
9. Я ничего не знал о том, что они вернулись весной.
10. Я забыла, что положила книгу на полку.

I. Comment on the non-finite forms of the verb and complexes with them:

1. Having got possession of the dog, he tried to make it follow him.
2. He had a strange certainty of being watched, and turning, saw Irene standing in the open door.
3. The boss being out, the secretary took the message.

II. Combine or paraphrase the following sentences using participles:

1. He got off the horse. He began searching for something on the ground.

2. I had seen photos of the place. I had no desire to go there.

3. I knew that he was poor. I offered to pay his fare.

4. She didn`t want to hear the story again. She had heard it all before.

5. I met Sid who was coming back from town.

III. Use the infinitive or Participle I as part of the complex object (and point out the complex)

a) Open the brackets:

1. They stood for about 20 minutes watching a girl … (to train) her puppy.
2. Amongst all the noise around they could hear a plane … (to fly).
3. I saw the vase … (to slip) from her hand and (to fall) to the floor.
4. And then I heard somebody … (to call) out my name.
5. “No” was the only word she heard him (to say) that morning.
6. I expected things … (to go) my way.
7. She went out and saw the rain … (to pour) down.
8. Jack was silent, staring at her, and she could almost hear his mind … (to work).
9. His phrase made Sofia … (to sigh) deeply.
10. Susan turned round and saw the stranger (to follow) her slowly.

b) Translate into English:

1. Мы смотрели, как она медленно подходила к дому.
2. Мы видели, как она медленно подошла к дому и открыла дверь.
3. Я наблюдал, как люди бежали к самолету.
4. Я подумал, что она в душе, потому что услышал, как течет вода.
5. Он посмотрел, как уехал последний автобус, и пошел домой пешком.
6. Он увидел, что подходит его автобус, и побежал, чтобы успеть на него.

IV. Make up sentences, using the phrases as Nominative Absolute Participle Construction (and translate them)

1. The weather being unusually hot, …
2. …, the situation being urgent.
3. There being no way out, …
4. …, her hand lying on his shoulder.
5. The operation having been completed, …

1) Paraphrase using the Complex Object with Participle II (have something done)

1. I've just been to the hairdresser's.
2. Someone is painting our house at the moment.
3. The dentist is going to take out two of my teeth tomorrow.
4. Just a minute. I'll ask someone to wrap this for you.
5. The car hasn't been serviced for a long time.
6. They're coming to put in a new water-heater next week.
7. A qualified electrician checked the wiring.

2) Express the same using the Complex Subject

1. Jill's parents are making her study hard.
2. Apparently, the ship did not sustain any damage.
3. It is thought that the two injured men were repairing overhead cables.
4. There is a rumour that the escaped prisoner is living in Spain.
5. Everybody knows that vitamin C is good for treating colds.
6. People thought Sue had paid too much.
7. The police thought that the thief was still in the house.
8. Everyone knows the portrait was painted by an Italian.
9. My boss made me work hard.
10. People think that the police are treating the incident as suspicious.