Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "Stockton & Darlington Railway"

ВАРИАНТ 4

Упр. 1. Причастие I (Participle I Simple, Participle I Perfect) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Обратите внимание на причастия, выделенные жирным шрифтом, и укажите их синтаксическую функцию (часть сказуемого, определение или обстоятельство). 1. The heaviest trains in the world are freight trains hauling bulk commodities such as coal and iron ore. 2. In Germany, more than 150 private railway companies are operating on the network, providing regional passenger and freight services. 3. Having bought a Minnesota railroad in 1878, James Hill extended it north to the Canadian border and west to the Pacific coast. 4. Indian Railways has designed and built a prototype double-deck car having seats for 148 passengers. 5. While rounding a curve, a freight train is to decrease its speed.

Упр. 2. Причастие II (Participle II) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Обратите внимание на причастия, выделенные жирным шрифтом, и укажите их синтаксическую функцию (часть сказуемого, определение или обстоятельство). 1. One of the main advantages of a diesel locomotive is the low cost of the fuel consumed. 2. If constructed of aluminum, railway cars are lighter in weight and require less maintenance. 3. Eurostar's recently refurbished cars feature ergonomically designed reclining seats, illuminated drink holders, free WiFi, USB chargers and seatback mirrors. 4. If consisted of more than eighty freight cars, the train is pulled by two or more locomotives. 5. X 2000 HS trains adopted by Swedish railways in 1990 can run at a speed of 200 kmh on a standard track.

Упр. 3. Причастие I и Причастие II

(А) Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в форму Participle I или Participle II в функции определения. Фразы перепишите и переведите. 1. the long distance train (operate) between Moscow and Vladivostok 2. goods (convey) by rail 3. train tickets (book) online 4. the railway (carry) only HS trains 5. a locomotive (test) on the mountain railway 6. passengers (hurry) up to take their seats on the train 7. freight (insure) against damage 8. the EMU (approach) the station 9. wagons (use) to transport liquid goods 10. the railway operator (handle) passenger services

(Б) Заполните пропуски, выбрав подходящее по смыслу причастие. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1. The mechanic replaced some ___ parts of the engine. 2. In 1913, the railway network of Russia consisted of 25 state lines and 13 private lines ___ to different companies. 3. While ___, the tramcars produce much noise. 4. The train accident was caused by an ___ defect in the rail. 5. ___ down near the railway station, a freight train blocked the approaches for an hour. 6. The EL FERDAN Railway Bridge ___ the SUEZ CANAL is the world's largest swing bridge. 7. Most substations ___ the trains with electricity are now automatically operated. 8. Refrigerator cars are used for carrying ___ meat and other perishables. 9. To ensure the safe movement of trains, drivers must carry out a full brake test when ___ a locomotive to a train. 10. ___ second hand locomotives from South Africa, Brazil rebuilt them and re-gauged from 1,067 mm to the meter gauge ___ by more than 80 % of Brazil's railways. a) coupling b) crossing c) frozen d) having broken e) belonging f) running g) supplying h) undetected i) used j) worn out k) having purchased

(В) Заполните пропуски, выбрав подходящую по смыслу форму причастия. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1. The TGV Duplex is a double-deck tilting train ___ by SNCF. a) operating b) having operated c) operated 2. The Trans-Siberian Mainline carries about 20,000 containers per year to Europe, ___ 8,300 containers from Japan. a) including b) having included c) included 3. It is impossible to stop quickly the train ___ at a high speed. a) moving b) having moved c) moved 4. The trains ___ by horses were short and lightweight. a) drawing b) having drawn c) drawn 5. ___ the new locomotive in severe winter conditions, the engineers recommended it for series production. a) testing b) having tested c) tested 6. Two or more ___ locomotives are frequently used in freight trains. a) coupling b) having coupled c) coupled 7. Some people risk their lives, ___ to stow away on freight trains. a) trying b) having tried c) tried 8. ___ the emergency brake, the train driver avoided hitting a truck stranded on the track. a) applying b) having applied c) applied 9. In Turkey, when ___ the trains, passengers must pass a security check like in airports. a) boarding b) having boarded c) boarded 10. When ___, these low-floor cars will be used for express services between Denmark and Sweden. a) building b) having built c) built

Упр. 4. Герундий

(А) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на способы перевода герундия. 1. Using long-welded rails allows reducing wear and tear on rolling stock. 2. The function of railway signals is keeping the trains at some distance from one another. 3. Around $1.2 billion will be spent on modernizing the 270 km suburban network of Sao Paolo, Brazil. 4. This includes refurbishing rolling stock, renewing signaling equipment, constructing new railway stations and laying down new tracks. 5. In the early 19th century, the idea of using steam engines for drawing freight and passenger trains interested many inventors.

(Б) Перепишите предложения. В каждом предложении заполните пробел герундием, образованным на основе одного из глаголов, данных в рамке. • examine • collide • lay • clear • reduce • enter • transport 1. An autorack is a special-purpose freight car used for ___ unladen automobiles. 2. A long tunnel was bored through the mountain but ___ down rail tracks in this tunnel wasn't planned. 3. Engineers are trying to find the ways of ___ the cost of electrifying railways. 4. Rail inspection is the practice of ___ rail tracks for flaws that could lead to catastrophic failures. 5. On ___ the compartment, a man introduced himself to his fellow travelers. 6. Automatic train signaling is used to prevent trains from ___. 7. Special snow-cleaning machines are developed for ___ the tracks of snow.

 

Упр. 5. Атрибутивные словосочетания

(А) Перепишите атрибутивные словосочетания, образованные по схеме

«существительное + существительное», и переведите их на русский язык.

a) internal combustion engine b) commuter rail networks c) engine cooling system d) freight transportation rates e) heavy traffic rates f) track maintenance costs g) magnetic levitation train h) standard length rails I) track capacity increase j) alternating current locomotive k) train delays and cancellations l) world speed record

(Б) Перепишите предложения, заполняя пропуски подходящими по смыслу атрибутивными словосочетаниями (a-l), данными выше.

1. Lightning damage to signaling equipment led to....on the Great Western Railway.
2. The primary job of the .... is to keep the engine from overhealing by using either air or liquid.
3. A Japanese maglev train has broken its own ...., reaching a speed of 603kmh in a test run.
4. The use of long welded rails improves riding qualities of vehicles and reduces .....
5. EMUs are popular on ..... around the world due to their fast acceleration and pollution-free operation.
 

Упр. 6. Текст

(А) Прочитайте текст, устно переведите его на русский язык и письменно выполните послетекстовые упражнения.
 

Stockton & Darlington Railway

Stockton Darlington Railway (S&DR) was the first world's railway to operate freight and passenger service with steam traction.

In 1821, a parliamentary bill was passed to allow the building of the S&DR. The 26-mile railway was to connect several coal mines. The original plan was to use horses to draw coal carts on cast iron rails. But George Stephenson, an English mechanical engineer, persuaded company director Edward Pease to use steam power. ...

(Б) Перепишите следующие фразы и выпишите из текста их английские эквиваленты.
1. тянуть повозку, гружённую углём, по чугунным рельсам 2. полувагон для перевозки угля 3. ехали в пассажирском вагоне 4. развить скорость 15 миль в час на одном участке пути 5. использовалась преимущественно конная тяга 6. железная дорога была полностью переведена на паровую тягу 7. поезда, идущие в противоположных направлениях 8. чтобы предотвратить столкновения поездов 9. примитивная система сигнальных устройств 10. ходить по расписанию

(В) Перепишите предложения.
Если утверждение соответствует содержанию текста, напишите "TRUE", если не соответствует – "FALSE". Исправьте неверные утверждения. 1. The S&DR was constructed in the 1820s and was initially meant to be a horse-drawn wagonway, which were then commonplace in England. 2. The permanent way of the S&DR consisted of wrought-iron rails laid on wooden blocks. 3. The first locomotive called Locomotion № 1 was built in September 1825. 4. On the opening day, 27 September 1825, a steam locomotive successfully hauled a heavy train of 36 passenger coaches. 5. At first, horse traction predominated on the S&DR because steam locomotives were then very expensive.

(Г) Из четырёх предложенных вариантов, выберите в ответ на вопрос к тексту.
1. Why did Stephenson use wrought-iron rails rather than cast iron ones? a) because wrought-iron rails were more liable to crack under the weight of heavy locomotives b) because these rails were more expensive than cast iron ones c) because wrought iron was stronger and more durable than cast iron d) because Edward Pease ordered Stephenson to use wrought-iron rails 2. What gauge did Stephenson choose for the line? a) standard gauge c) narrow gauge b) broad gauge d) wide gauge 3. What was the fourth locomotive manufactured in Newcastle called? a) Diligence c) Experiment b) Black Diamond d) Hope 4. Why was it uncomfortable to ride on the first passenger carriage? a) because this coach resembled a wooden shed on wheels b) because it had no springs c) because it was too small for seating 18 passengers d) because it had no roof and windows 5. What was done to prevent train collisions on the S&DR? a) the S&DR became entirely steam-operated b) horses were used to carry passengers because it was less dangerous c) trains moved at a walking speed d) a signaling system was established and trains began to run to timetable