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1. УСТНО ВЫУЧИВ СЛОВА UNIT 14,15, СОСТАВИТЬ 14-15 ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ С НОВЫМИ СЛОВАМИ С ЭТИХ 2 УРОКОВ 2. УСТНО ОЗНАКОМИВШИСЬ С ТЕКСТАМИ UNIT 14,15, СОСТАВИТЬ ПЛАНЫ ЭТИХ ТЕКСТОВ В ВИДЕ СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫХ ВОПРОСОВ ИЛИ В ВИДЕ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ СЛОВ

Unit 14
FRUIT AND VEGETABLES
1. Словарь
herbaceous plant-root
травянистое растение
cabbage
капуста
beet
Свекла
celery
сельдерей
carrot
Морковь
lettuce
салат
radish
Редис
rhubarb
ревень
turnip
Репа
spinach
шпинат
asparagus
Спаржа
garlic
чеснок
kohlrabi
Кольраби
leek
лук-порей
brussels sprout
брюссельская капуста
onion
лук
artichoke
Артишок
grape
виноград
broccoli
Брокколи
cauliflower
цветная капуста
cauliflower
цветная капуста
beans
фасоль
beans
Фасоль
cucumber
огурец
cucumber
Огурец
orange
апельсин
eggplant
Баклажан
propagation
распространение
sweet corn
сладкая кукуруза
gooseberry
крыжовник
squash
Тыква
peppers
перец
banana
Банан
broccoli
брокколи
tomato
Помидор
vegetable
овощной
calcium
Кальций
fruit
фрукты
iron
Железо
fleshy
мясистый
to germinate
Прорасти
dry
сухой
greenhouse
Теплица
apricot
абрикос
canning
консервирование

freezing
Заморозка

pickling
Маринование

apple
Яблоко

pear
Груша

plum
Слива

cherry
Вишня

blackberry
Ежевика

strawberry
Клубника

pineapple
Ананас

mulberry
Шелковица

 
Vegetable is any kind of plant life or plant product. The term "vegetable" usually refers to the fresh edible portion of a herbaceous plant-roots, stems, leaves, flowers, or fruit. These plant parts are either eaten fresh or prepared In ii number of ways.
Vegetables are usually classified on the basis of the part of the plant that In used for food. The root vegetables include beets, carrots, radishes, and turnips. Stem vegetables include asparagus and kohlrabi. Among the edible tubers, are potatoes. The leaf vegetable include brussels sprouts, cabbage, celery, lettuce, rhubarb, and spinach. Among the bulb vegetables are garlic, leeks, and onions. The flower vegetables include artichokes, broccoli, and cauliflower. The fruits commonly considered vegetables by virtue of their use include beans, cucumbers, eggplant, sweet corn, squash, peppers, and tomatoes.
Most fresh vegetables have a water content in excess of 70 percent, with only about 3.5 percent protein and less than 1 percent fat. Vegetables, however, are good sources of minerals, especially calcium and iron, and vitamins, principally A and C.
Most vegetables are planted by seeding in the fields where they are to be grown, but occasionally they are germinated in a nursery of greenhouse and transplanted as seedlings to the field. 
Vegetables may be washed, sorted, cut, and packaged for sale as fresh products. Fresh vegetables are subject to quick aging and spoilage, but their storage life can be extended by such preservation processes as canning, freezing, or pickling.
Fruit is the fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. Thus apricots, bananas, and grapes, as well as bean pods, corn grains, tomatoes, cucumbers, are all technically fruits. Popularly, however, the term is restricted to the ripened ovaries that are sweet and either succulent or pulpy. Fruit is the usually sweet-tasting part of a tree or bush which holds seeds which can be eaten. Oranges, apples, pears, plums, bananas are all types of fruit. A fruit is a mature ovary. It usually contains seeds.
There are two broad categories of fruits: fleshy fruits such as oranges, cherries, blackberries, strawberries, pineapples and mulberries and dry fruits such as nu In general, the chief concerns of fruit cultivation are the propagation and improvement of varieties; the improvement of the microclimatic conditions and soil conditions; fertilization and pest control; the development of harvesting and postharvest practices. Fruits are important sources of dietary fibre and vitamins (especially vitamin C). Although fresh fruits are subject to spoilage, their life can be extended by refrigeration. Fruits can be processed into juices, jams, and jellies and preserved by canning and pickling.

10. Прочтите текст и определите основную идею каждого абзаца:
THE CRANBERRY
The cranberry is a North American fruit that grows on a bush. The cranberry is small, round, red and very bitter. American Indians used the berries for food and medicine. When settlers first come from England in the 1600s, they liked these berries, too. The settlers had never seen the berries before. They decided to call them "crane berries", because birds called "cranes" ate them. In fact, the cranberry bush grows in only five states: Washington, Oregon, Wisconsin, Massachusetts, and New Jersey. These states have the special conditions that the cranberry bush needs.
Cranberries ripen when the weather starts to become cold. Many people eat cranberries as part of the feast of Thanksgiving in November. It's hard to recognize the best cranberries just by looking. So cranberry growers use a special method, which was developed by accident by a man named John Webb. One day, as John Webb was taking a container of berries down some steps, he spilled the berries. While he was picking them up he noticed something interesting. The bad berries had stayed on the top steps, and the best berries had bounced down all the way to the bottom. Today, cranberry growers use a seven-step test to separate berries. The best cranberries are the ones that bounce down seven steps!

Unit 15
AGRICULTURE OF RUSSIA

1. Словарь:
  rural – сельский                                 resident – пост. житель
 to  process  –   обрабатывать                          aquatic – водный
 livelihood –  средства к жизни                       consumer – потребитель
gasoline – бензин                                            to rank –занимать место
gross output – валовой выпуск продукции
enterprise
предприятие
trade
Торговля
employee
 наемный рабочий
legume crop
урожай бобовых
livestock
домашний скот
poultry
домашняя птица
seafood
морепродукты
to satisfy
удовлетворить
domestic demand 
  внутренний спрос
average
Средний

2.  Прочтите и переведите текст. Определите название текста.
About 38,8 million, or 27% of residents of Russia live in rural areas. About 8 million people constantly engaged in agricultural production. The share of gross agricultural production in GDP in 2010 was 5.02%. 
In the field of 27 thousand farms, there are 16 million of private farms and 261 thousand peasant (farm). Agricultural products, processed 4,700 large and medium enterprises and food processing industry.
The agricultural sector plays a key role in the livelihood of the population. Food share in total retail turnover in 2009 was 46%, or 3.193 trillion. rub. in absolute.
In the system of agriculture for more than 75 years of operating Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the scientific potential of which consists of 207 academic institutions. The total number of scientists - 30,3 thousand people, including more than 1,4 thousand doctors and 5 thousand candidates. The system of higher agricultural education institutions operate 59 universities.
Agriculture is a major consumer of products and services to other industries. At its oriented agricultural engineering, chemical, light and textile industries, as well as enterprises of transport, construction and trade.
Each year, the industry makes the demand for 18.5% of diesel fuel (5 million. t) supplied to the domestic market, buying 1.5 million tons of gasoline.
These volumes are used in agriculture tractor fleet total of 572.5 thousand units, grain and forage harvesters in the amount of 197 thousand units.
Each year, the industry consumes about 1.5 million tons of mineral fertilizers in the active substance. Each employee of agricultural production provides outside employment is five. 
Russia is integrated into the global market of agricultural products, and ranks second in the world in production of potatoes, a third - of milk, the fifth - the grain and legume crops, the sixth - livestock and poultry, the seventh - butter, eight - to catch fish and seafood, the 10th - for the production of oil.
Exports of foodstuffs and agricultural raw in 2009 amounted to 4.536 billion dollars, the major export items - cereals (12,2 million tons), frozen fish (1,094 tons), vodka (669, 9 thousand dal in terms of 100% alcohol).
Since 1999, the gross output in agriculture has increased steadily. In general, during these years the growth of agricultural production amounted to 25,3%. Stopped protracted crisis 90 years, when the volume of gross agricultural output fell by almost half.
The situation in the grain complex is stabilized. Harvests in recent years can fully satisfy the domestic demand for food grains, to ensure the needs of livestock feed and maintain the export of grain.
The positive moment continued into 2009 - 2% growth. Gross grain harvest totaled 78.2 million tons, the export potential of grain - about 12 million tons are collected the highest yields of sugar beets and sunflowers.
Significant increase in production for several consecutive years demonstrates poultry - for five years average production of poultry slaughter weight increased by 
42% .
Over the past 100 years, our agriculture has been very difficult, controversial and perhaps the most dramatic segment in the history of its development. The prospects for its development in the future, no doubt - the historical experience shows that with sound public policy can achieve significant results.