Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "The Internet system"

Задание 1. Перепишите и переведите предложения с английского на русский.

1. The Internet is a malleable system— it changes in little ways as elements join and leave networks around the world. Some of those elements may stay fairly static and make up the backbone of the Internet. Others are more peripheral.
2. The Internet Society, a nonprofit group established in1992, oversees the formation of the policies and protocols that define how we use and interact with the Internet.
3. At work, you may be part of a local area network (LAN), but you most likely still connect to the Internet using an ISP that your company has contracted with.
4. Every time you use a domain name, you use the Internet’s DNS servers to translate the human- readable domain name into the machine- readable IP address.
5. One of the keys to making this work is redundancy. There are multiple DNS servers at every level, so that if one fails, there are others to handle the requests. The other key is caching. Once a DNS server resolves a request, it caches the IP address it receives.
6. There are explicit minimum and maximum lengths for frames, and a set of required pieces of information that must appear in the frame. Each frame must include, for example, both a destination address and a source address, which identify the recipient and the sender of the message.
7. However, when a station first receives a frame, it checks the destination address to see if the frame is intended for itself. If it is not, the station discards the frame without even examining its contents.

Задание 2. Перепишите и переведите текст с русского на английский.

Приоритетная обработка кадров.

Построение сетей на основе коммутаторов позволяет использовать приоритезацию трафика, причем делать это независимо от технологии сети. Эта новая возможность (по сравнению с сетями, построенными целиком на концентраторах) является следствием того, что коммутаторы буферизуют кадры перед их отправкой на другой порт. Коммутатор обычно ведет для каждого входного и выходного порта не одну, а несколько очередей, причем каждая очередь имеет свой приоритет обработки. ...

Задание 3. Соедините части А и В. Полученное предложение переведите.

1. Broadcast storm 2. Congestion 3. Spanning tree 4. Specification 5. Inferior segment 6. Root bridge 7. Root port 8. Designated port

 

Задание 4. Перепишите и переведите текст со словарём. Ответьте на вопросы после текст.

Utilizing multiple data stores and data models: Is Polyglot Persistence worth It?

Polyglot Persistence is a process for storing data in the best database available, no matter the data model and data storage technology. This process is based on the understanding different data stores will handle certain types of data better than others. Polyglot Persistence is, unfortunately, not available for easy “downloading”, but must be designed for the unique Data Architecture of each individual enterprise. This “storage philosophy” is a recent development, and still needs to evolve, technologically.....
 

а. Why is it impossible to simply download Polyglot Persistence?

b. What does the term “Polyglot Programming” describe?

c. Why is the system “persistent”?

d. Why is it possible to avoid fragmentation with Polyglot Persistence?

e. How this does system work with “relevance”?

f. Why are repairs so time-consuming?

g. What is the important condition for the system to operate?

h. What might a mistake with choosing where to store data result in?

j. Why is it important to separate the “persistence layer”?
 

Задание 5. Прочитайте и устно перескажите текст.

WIMAX TECHNOLOGY AT HOME

 Here’s what would happen if you got WiMAX. An Internet service provider sets up a WiMAX base station 10miles from your home. You would buy a WiMAX-enabled computer or upgrade your old computer to add WiMAX capability. You would receive a special encryption code that would give you access to the base station. The base station would beam data from the Internet to your computer (at speeds potentially higher than today’s cable modems), for which you would pay the provider a monthly fee. ....

 

Задание 6. Письменно ответьте на вопросы. Аргументируйте свой ответ.

1. What methods of storing data are you familiar with?
2. What do you know about Machine Learning?
3. What problems can a specialist in your field face?

Задание 7. Дайте развёрнутый письменный ответ, согласны вы или нет со следующими утверждениями, докажите свою точку зрения.

 Используйте фразы: As far as I know; I don't really agree; Yes, but; I guess; I'm afraid; it's not correct; On the one hand…On the other hand; It's true; I wouldn't say that; I believe.

1. Token ring is an alternative network technology to Ethernet developed by Xerox.
2. ATM networks are suitable for carrying only data, that’s why they have not gained acceptance as rapidly as predicted.

Задание 8. Выполните тест.

Since its popularization during the1990s, the Internet has become a big part of our lives. But it’s changed a good deal since then— many people believe we’re currently experiencing Web 2.0, a richer, more advanced experience of connecting with other users. If we’re in Web2.0 right now, though, what’s Web1.0? And what’s the difference between the Internet and the World Wide Web? Take this quiz to check your knowledge.

1. Who coined the term Web2.0?

a) Tim O’Reilly

b) Dale Dougherty

c) Steve Jobs

2. According to Tim O’Reilly, the Web 2.0 philosophy:

a) Sacrifices users’ security

b) Democratizes the Web

c) Makes the Internet really boring

3. Which of the following is a feature of Web 1.0? 

a) Static Websites

b) Interactive Web sites

c) Social networking

4. What’s an example of a Web1.0 site? 

a) An online bookstore that lets customers post reviews

b) A social networking site that lets users share photos and make public comments

c) An official online encyclopedia

5. What’s considered the «backbone» of the World Wide Web? 

a) Uniform resource locator (URL)

b) Hypertext markup language (HTML)

c) Hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)

6. What’s the difference between HTTP and HTML? 

a) HTML describes what’s on the page, HTTP allows sites to communicate with each other

b) HTTP describes what’s on the page, HTML allows sites to communicate with each other

c) There’s no difference, they mean the same thing

7. What’s the best way to describe the Internet? 

a) One master computer that connects to all of our homes

b) A network of networks

c) A series of pipes

8. We access the World Wide Web using: 

a) Browsers

b) Instant messaging applications

c) Spidery senses

9. What’s one way you can use the Internet without using HTTP? 

a) Using a browser

b) Accessing e-mail

c) Using a telephone

10. The Internet began with the development of:

a) USENET

b) ARPANET

c) Ethernet