Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "Computer Programming"

Задание 1: Прочитайте текст и переведите. Programming is the process of preparing a set of coded instructions which enables the computer to solve specific problems or to perform specific functions. Theiessence of computer programmingjis the encoding of the program for the computer by means of algorythms. The thing is that any problem is expressed in mathematical terms, it contains formulae, equations and calculations^ But the computer cannot manipulate formulae, equations and calculations. Any problem must be specially processed for the computer to understand it, that is — coded or programmed.....

Задание 2: Письменно ответьте на вопросы по тексту. 1. What is programming? 2. What is the essence of programming? 3. What should be done with the problem before processing by the computer? 4. What is a program? 5. What are instructions? 6. What are the main techniques for planning the program logic? 7. What is a flowchart? 8. What is a template and what is it used for? 9. What do you understand by "pseudocode"? 10. What are the basic structures of pseudocode?

Задание 3: Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний: Совокупность закодированных команд; суть компьютерного программирования; кодирование посредством алгоритма; формулы, уравнения, вычисления; обработать особым образом; перечень команд; необходимая последовательность; защищать от ошибок; составлять план логической последовательности; общепринятая методика; логическая последовательность выполнения программы; построение блок-схемы; наглядное представление; заранее заданные символы; шаблон; псевдопрограмма; без издержек; выделять принцип нисходящей обработки; расходовать меньше времени; логическая схема выполнения операций в цикле; необходимая последовательность операций.

Задание 4: Совместите русские словосочетания с английскими: Program: access program; application program; archived program; binary program; common program; compatible / incompatible program; control / management program; database program; debugging program; educational / teaching / training program; free program; general-purpose program; high-performance program; off-line program; on-line program; operating (-system) program; processing program; protected-mode program; remote program; running program; self-loading program; simulation program; support program; utility program; virus-detection program; watch-dog program.

Задание 5: Переведите предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение. 1.1 should like to be a top specialist in computer technology. 2. It is necessary that the program should be debugged (отлажена) by a programmer. 3. It is required that the programmer should code the instructions of the program in the appropriate sequence. 4. The manager demanded that the work should be performed in time. 5. Write down the algorythm of computer operations lest you should make errors. 6. Our teacher speaks English as if he were a real Englishman. 7. Without the Sun there would be no light, no heafe, no energy of any kind. 8.1 wish it were summer now and we could go to the seaside. 9. American scientists suggested that the quantum generator should be called laser, which is the acronym for fight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. 10.1 wished you had mentioned these facts while the subject was being discussed.

Задание 6: Сделайте письменный перевод текста. Text 2. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES Let's assume that we have studied the problem, designed a logical plan (our flowchart or pseudocode), and are now ready to write the program instructions. The process of writing program instructions is called coding. The instructions will be written on a form called a coding form.^The instructions we write will be recorded in a machine-readable form using a keypunch, key-to-tape, or key-to-disk, or entered directly into computer memory through a terminal keyboard. The computer cannot understand instructions written in just any old way...

Задание 7: Письменно ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию текста. 1. What is the process of writing instructions called? 2. What is a code? 3. How must instructions be written? 4. What is the foundation of any programming language? 5. How was the development of programming languages progressing throughout the years? 6. What are the most common problem-oriented languages? 7. What is COBOL? 8. What functions was COBOL designed for? 9. What does FORTRAN serve for? 10. What capabilities has PL/I?

Задание 8: Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний: Языки программирования; блок-схема; кодированная форма; вид, удобочитаемый для компьютера; в соответствии с набором правил; представить логические шаги программы; таким образом; совершенствовать языки программирования; машинно-ориентированные языки; проблемно-ориентированные языки; обычный термин; язык для программирования экономических задач; обработка информации; операции по вводу-выводу данных; гибкость; идентифицировать поле и его цели; решение проблем математического характера; сферы научного применения; универсальный язык; включать свойства; уникальные возможности; многофункциональный и самый мощный из языков программирования.

Задание 8: Переведите условные сложноподчиненные предложения. Обратите внимание на форму выражения разных типов условия. I. 1. If you try very hard you can master any language. 2. If you want to master any language you must know at least three thousand words. 3. You will improve your pronunciation if you read aloud every day. 4. Time will be saved if one uses a computer. 5. If you learn all the words of the lesson you will write your test successfully. 6. If you or I add up two numbers of six figures without a calculator, it will take us a lot of time.

Задание 9: Выполните перевод следующих текстов письменно. 1. RPG II Programming language RPG II is a business-oriented language. The name stands for report program generator. RPG is considerably different from other programming languages. RPG is, in effect, a large prewritten program. The programmer simply indicates the options within the master program that are to be used and, through a set of indicators, when they are to be used RPG was originally referred to as a "quick-and-dirty" programming language. That is, it is quick for the programmer to write and relatively inefficient in its use of main storage and processing speed. The latest version of RPG, called RPG II, greatly improved the language and gave it additional capabilities. RPG has an advantage over COBOL in that it requires less training for a programmer to become proficient in it. For this reason, RPG is commonly used on many smaller computers and in small business.

Задание 10: Прочтите тексты и сделайте краткую аннотацию на английском языке по каждому из них. 1. The conversion of symbolic languages As we see, most of the symbolic languages are oriented toward the particular application areas of business or science (math). The one problem with all symbolic languages is that none of them can be understood by a computer. The symbolic languages may say AP, ADD, or use a "plus" sign to indicate an addition step, but the only thing that means addition to a computer is its binary machine code.