Вариант 1

1.  Составьте правильное по структуре и смыслу предложение из предложенных слов: 

1. knowledge, branch, fundamental, of, chemistry, a, is.

2. formulation, introduced, the 19^th , century, in, molecules, A. Avogadro, of,  the.

3. scientists, their, development, of, life, chemistry, many, the, to, devoted, great.

4. chemical, industry, of, will, development, new, rapid, understand, phenomena, to, many, help. 5.of,properties, regularities, in, elements, the, discovered, the, he.

2.Выберите правильный вариант вопроса к данным предложениям:

1. Chemistry is the study of substances, their structure, their properties and their reactions.

1) Does chemistry the study of substances…..

2) Has chemistry the study of substances…

3) Is chemistry the study of substances……

2. Matter exists as solids, liquids, or gases.

1) Do matter exists as solids…..

2) Is matter exists as solids

3) Does matter exist as solids…..

3. In the 19th century A. Avogadro introduced the formulation of molecules.

1) Was in the 19th century A. Avogadro introduced the formulation of molecules?

2) Did A. Avogadro introduce the formulation of molecules in the 19^th century?

3) Had A. Avogadro introduced the formulation of molecules in the 19^th century?

3. Преобразуйте следующие утвердительные предложения в отрицательные:

 1. Everyone now understands the importance of chemistry. (c отрицанием S)

2. Many great scientists devoted their life to the development of chemistry. (с отрицанием C)

3. In 1934 the Curies announced the preparation of artificially radio-active elements. (c отрицанием A)

4. Chemistry includes the studies of the whole universe and everything in it. (с отрицанием P)

4. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на выделенные слова:

1.One of these problems has been solved with the help of a computer.

2. You may choose either this article or that one.

3. It is clear that these diagrams are like those shown in figure 5.

4. The requirement is that the students are to know the main laws of physics.

5. The scientists have learnt that numerous minerals are being formed in the sea bottom.

6. We found the data that are necessary for our research.

5. Выполните следующий тест:

To be / to have 

1. My grandmother … a teacher.

a) Am

b) Is

c) Are

d) Will

2. You ... nine years old.

a) Am

      b) Is

      c) Are

      d) Will

      3. Ann … got two brothers.

      a) Is

      b) Have

      c) Has

      d) Are

4. … you got a pen?

 a) Are

b) Have

c) Has

d) Is

5. It … very cold yesterday.

a) Is

b) Was

c) Were

d) Will be

6. They … pupils in 1990.

a) Are

b) Were

c) Will be
7. ... you be at the party tomorrow?

a) Are

b) Did

c) Will

d) Have

8. We … very late for the concert.

a) Was

b) Will be

c) Is

d) Did

9. Jane … a birthday party last Monday.

a) Had

b) Will have

c) Was

d) Has

     10. Mary … her breakfast at seven.

     a) Have

     b) Was

     c) Has

     d) Is 

6. Научитесь правильно произносить данные термины, определите их значения и выучите наизусть:

Science, scientist, chemistry, organic chemistry, chemist, chemical process, physics, physicist, matter, substance, properties,  hydrogen, polonium, radio-active elements, radium, bronze, iron, ceramics, glass, molecule, molecular, atom, gas, volume, temperature, pressure, plastics, polymers, phenomenon-phenomena

7. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на русский язык:

To define - definition, to compose - composition, reaction of matter, to deal with (dealt, dealt) to undergo (underwent – undergone), to relate to smth. - relation, to originate - chemistry’s origin, to go back, external pressure, to announce, to discover -discovery, to make a great contribution- to contribute, to create –creation.

8. Подготовьте чтение вслух и переведите письменно следующий текст:

CHEMISTRY AS A SCIENCE

What is chemistry? A popular dictionary gives this definition: Chemistry is a science of the composition, structure properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems. Another, somewhat simpler dictionary definition is “Chemistry is a science dealing with the composition of matter and the changes in composition that matter undergoes”. Neither of these definitions is entirely adequate. Chemistry is also closely related to biology, not only because living organisms are made of material substances but also because life itself is an essentially complicated system of interrelated chemical processes.

Chemistry’s origin goes back to ancient times, with the manufacture of bronze, iron, ceramics, glass. At the end of the sixteenth century sufficient facts, entirely free of magic which surrounded the work of the alchemists appeared. In the 19th century A. Avogadro introduced the formulation of molecules. He stated that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. F. A. Kekule and A. M. Butlerov introduced the structural theory of organic chemistry. In 1869 D. I. Mendeleyev discovered regularities in the properties of the elements. D. I. Mendeleyev’s discovery was the greatest one in chemistry. Many great scientists devoted their life to the development of chemistry among them Bohr whose theory of the hydrogen atom was very important, the Curies who in 1934 announced the preparation of artificially radio-active elements, Marie Curie who discovered radium, and the element polonium.

Everyone now understands the importance of chemistry. The future of chemistry is practically unlimited. Rapid development of chemical industry will make it possible to create many new goods, machines, plastics, polymers, it will help to understand many new phenomena.

9. Выберите правильный ответ на следующие вопросы:

1. What definition does a popular dictionary give to chemistry?

А.Chemistry is a science of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter

В.Chemistry is a science of atomic and molecular systems.

С.Chemistry is a science of the composition, structure properties, and reactions of matter, especially of atomic and molecular systems.

2. What is chemistry related to?

А. Chemistry is also closely related to biology

В. Chemistry is also closely related to economics.

C. Chemistry is also closely related to mathematics.

3. What can you say about chemistry’s origin?

A. Chemistry’s origin goes back to the work of the alchemists

B. Chemistry’s origin goes back to the beginning of the 19^th century

C. Chemistry’s origin goes back to ancient times, with the manufacture of bronze, iron, ceramics, glass.

4. What does the author say about the importance of chemistry?

А.The future of chemistry is practically unlimited

В. Chemistry will help understand many new phenomena

С. Chemistry development will make it possible to create many new goods, machines, plastics, polymers.
 

Вариант 2

1.Составьте правильное по структуре и смыслу предложение из предложенных слов:

1. undergoes, was, the definition of "chemistry", the study, and, the changes, broadened, later, to mean, it, of matter

2. like, bridges, geology, with , each other, sciences, physics, and, biology,  chemistry, natural

3. their structure, to mean, chemistry, their properties, of substances:, the reactions, in 1947, came, the science, and

4. comes, the word, the word, from, “chemistry”, “alchemy”

5. of knowledge, of facts, chemistry, a collection, far, more, and, a body, is, than.

2.Выберите правильный вариант вопроса к данным предложениям:

A. The definition of chemistry has changed over time.

1. Has changed the definition of chemistry over time?
2. Did the definition of chemistry has changed over time?
3. Has the definition of chemistry changed over time?

B. The etymology of the word “chemistry” has been much disputed.

1. Has been the etymology of the word “chemistry” much disputed?
2. Has the etymology of the word “chemistry” been much disputed?
3. Has been much disputed the etymology of the word “chemistry”?

C. The origin of chemistry can be traced to certain practices, known as alchemy.

1. Can the origin of chemistry be traced to certain practices, known as alchemy?
2. Can be traced the origin of chemistry to certain practices, known as alchemy?
3. Did the origin of chemistry can be trace to certain practices, known as alchemy?

3. Преобразуйте следующие утвердительные предложения в отрицательные:

1. Chemistry is all about matter, which is anything that has mass and occupies space. (c отрицанием S)

2. The definition of chemistry has changed over time.(c отрицанием P)

3. The 1730 definition of the word "chemistry" meant the art of resolving mixed, compound, or aggregate bodies into their principles. (c отрицанием C)

4. In 1663 "chymistry" meant a scientific art. (c отрицанием A)

4. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на выделенные слова:

1. One should take into consideration all the notes given below.
2. That the two lines are not equal can be easily seen.
3. This is a very urgent case and we will discuss it immediately.
4. It is not an easy task to overcome the power of the planet.
5. The first plane piloted in the history of civilization was one designed by Alexander Mozhaisky.
6. The more one learns, the more one knows.

5.Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский, используя глаголы to be и  to have.

1. Где ваш дом? Наш дом находится на улице Гончарова.
2. Кто отсутствует сегодня? Три студента отсутствуют, они болеют.
3. У этой девушки светлые волосы, голубые глаза.
4. У старосты есть ключ от этого кабинета.
5. Этот университет самый старый.
6. В августе они были в Сочи.
7. Скорость этого автомобиля очень высока.
8. В следующем году он станет юристом.
9. Где мои вещи? Они в сумке.
10. У него огромная семья и много родственников.

6.Научитесь правильно произносить данные термины, определите их значения и выучите наизусть:

Science, natural science, scientist, chemistry, chemist, chemical process, physics, physicist, geology and biology, metallurgy, philosophy, astrology, astronomy, mysticism, medicine, matter, substance, properties, molecule, molecular, mass, gas, alchemy, lead, gold, substance, compound, principles

7. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на русский язык:

To define - definition, composition, reaction of matter, to deal with, to undergo, to relate to  smth, chemistry’s origin, to go back, to turn into, to discover, to make a great contribution, to dissolve, collection of facts, body of knowledge.

8. Подготовьте чтение вслух и переведите письменно следующий текст:

INTRODUCTION INTO CHEMISTRY

Chemistry is a branch of science that studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes. Chemistry is far more than a collection of facts and a body of knowledge. It’s all about matter, which is anything that has mass and occupies space.

Chemistry is sometimes called "the central science" because it bridges other natural sciences like physics, geology and biology with each other.

The etymology of the word “chemistry” has been much disputed. The origin of chemistry can be traced to certain practices, known as alchemy, which had been practiced for several millennia in various parts of the world, particularly the Middle East.

The word chemistry comes from the word alchemy, an earlier set of practices that encompassed elements of chemistry, metallurgy, philosophy, astrology, astronomy, mysticism and medicine; it is commonly thought of as the quest to turn lead or another common starting material into gold. An alchemist was called a 'chemist' in popular speech, and later the suffix "-ry" was added to this to describe the art of the chemist as "chemistry".

The definition of chemistry has changed over time, as new discoveries and theories add to the functionality of the science. The term "chymistry", in the view of noted scientist Robert Boyle in 1661, meant the subject of the material principles of mixed bodies. In 1663, "chymistry" meant a scientific art, by which one learns to dissolve bodies, and draw from them the different substances on their composition, and how to unite them again.

The 1730 definition of the word "chemistry" meant the art of resolving mixed, compound, or aggregate bodies into their principles; and of composing such bodies from those principles. The definition further evolved until, in 1947, it came to mean the science of substances: their structure, their properties, and the reactions that change them into other substances. More recently, in 1998, the definition of "chemistry" was broadened to mean the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

9.Выберите правильный ответ на вопрос:

1. What science studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes?

a. Chemistry studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.

b. Alchemy studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.

c. Biology studies the composition and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes.

2. Why is chemistry sometimes called "the central science"?

a. Chemistry is sometimes called "the central science" because it is related to mathematics, physics and astronomy, the fundamental sciences in the world.

b. Chemistry is sometimes called "the central science" because it is the main science in the world.

c. Chemistry is sometimes called "the central science" because it bridges other natural sciences like physics, geology and biology with each other.

3. What did the definition of the word “chemistry” mean in 1730?

a. In 1730 the definition of the word "chemistry" meant the art of resolving mixed, compound, or aggregate bodies into their principles only.

b. The 1730 definition of the word "chemistry" meant the art of resolving mixed, compound, or aggregate bodies into their principles; and of composing such bodies from those principles.

c. In 1730 the definition of the word "chemistry" meant the art of composing the bodies from the principles.

4. How did the definition of “chemistry” change in 1998?

a. In 1998, the definition of "chemistry" was broadened to mean the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

b. In 1998, the definition of "chemistry" was narrowed to mean the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

c. In 1998, the previous definition of "chemistry" was approved to mean the study of matter and the changes it undergoes