Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "Non-traditional renewable sources of energy"

ВАРИАНТ 1

1. Прочитайте и устно переведите текст.
 

Non-traditional renewable sources of energy

It is known that much is being done in the world today for the development of non-traditional sources of energy. Without them the Earth cannot support its present population of 7 billion people.

Now we are using traditional power sources, that is, oil, natural gas, coal, and water power with the consumption of more than 50 billion barrels per year. It is evident that these sources are not unlimited.

That is why it is so important to use such renewable sources of energy as the sun, wind, geothermal energy and others. Research is being carried out in these fields.

One of the most promising research is the development of power stations with direct transformation of solar energy into electricity on the basis of photoeffect. It was Russia that was the first in the world to develop and test a photoelectric battery of 32,000 volts and effective area of only 0.5 sq.m., which made it possible to concentrate solar radiation. This idea is now being intensively developed in many countries.

However, the efficiency of a solar power station is considerably reduced because of the limited time of its work during the year. But it is possible to improve the efficiency of solar power stations by developing different combinations of solar power stations and traditional ones – thermal, atomic and hydraulic. Today some engineers are working at the problem of developing electric power stations with the use of a thermal-chemical cycle. It will operate on products of the transformation of solar energy, whereas the “solar” chemical reactor uses CO2 and water stream of the thermal power station. The result is that we have a closed cycle.

It is planned that plants working on the energy of the solar heat provided by the sun will be built on a larger scale.

That different wind energy plants are being developed is also well-known. These energy plants can be small (of several kilowattes) and large powerful systems.

It is important that all these advances in developing new sources of energy and improving the old ones help to solve the energy problem as a whole and they do not have negative effects on the environment.
 

2. Переведите следующие фразы на русский язык.

1. non-traditional sources of energy -

2. 50 billion barrels per year – 

3. promising research – 

4. effective area – 

5. the limited time of work –

6. to improve the efficiency – 

7. the use of a thermal-chemical cycle – 

8. on a larger scale – 

9. advances in developing new sources of energy – 

10. to have negative effects on the environment -

 

3. Дайте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний.

1. поддерживать – 

2. потребление – 

3. очевидно – 

4. поэтому – 

5. проводить исследование – 

6. на основе – 

7. концентрировать солнечное излучение – 

8. интенсивно развиваться – 

9. значительно снижаться – 

10. работать над проблемой –
 

4. Образуйте три степени сравнения прилагательных.

small – 

important – 

happy – 

good – 

effective –

little –

new – 

old – 

big – 

powerful –

5. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени (укажите их положительную степень).
 

6. Найдите и выпишите из текста.

а) 5 неправильных глагола (укажите 3 формы этих глаголов);
б) 5 предложений с глаголами в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения на русский язык;
в) 2 предложения с модальными глаголами. Переведите предложения на русский язык;

7. Вставьте модальные глаголы can, could, be able, may, might, should, must, need по смыслу. Переведите предложения на русский язык письменно.
 

1. New equipment ... be installed in the lab only next week.

2. You ...to do this work tomorrow.

3. You ... improve the quality of products.

You ... improve the quality of products.

You .. improve the quality of products.

4. They .. support his idea of using new techniques in work. It is very expensive.

5. The problems ...be solved immediately.

6. They ... be more attentive carrying out the test. It is very important.

7. ..I take your phone to make a call?

... I take your phone to make a call?

8. They .. come at the meeting yesterday.

They ... come at the meeting yesterday.
 

8. Составьте четыре типа вопросов (общий, специальный, альтернативный, разделительный) к следующим предложениям.

1. Without non-traditional sources of energy the Earth cannot support its population.
2. The efficiency of a solar power station is considerably reduced because of the limited time of its work during the year.
3. The advances in developing new sources of energy and improving the old ones help to solve the energy problem.

9. Вставьте необходимые предлоги. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
 

1. Today engineers are working ...the problem ...developing non-traditional sources ...energy.

2. The electric power stations ... the use ...a thermal-chemical cycle will operate ... products ...the transformation ...solar energy.

3. Plants which work .. the energy ...the solar heat provided ... the sun will be built ..a greater amount.