Эссе на тему: "Вanks in Russia"

Вanks in Russia
The banking system is one of the most important links in the market economy, has a great, multilateral impact on the livelihoods of the whole society as a whole. It not only functions as a cross-sectoral and interregional redistribution of capital but also plays a key role in the settlement and payment mechanism of the state's economic system.The stability of the national currency depends significantly on the state of the banking system, including its exchange rate with respect to foreign currencies, which is of key importance for the sovereignty of the country.
For any state, the tasks of ensuring the stability of the national banking system play the role of strategic tasks and are always relevant since they form part of the concept of "economic security of the state".
I believe that at the current moment the level of the banking system in Russia is inefficient, due to the lack of the development and low competitiveness in the external services market. At the same time, as before, paramount importance will be attached to the stability of the banking system. To solve these tasks, measures aimed at improving the legal environment, investment capital inflows are called for. These inefficiencies can also be solved by increasing the access of credit institutions to financial resources, increasing their capitalization, strengthening the competitiveness and stability of the banking system, improving regulation and supervision in the banking sector, which will be reflected in the development strategy for the development of the Russian banking sector for the period up to 2012.
In my opinion, the level of capitalization in Russia can be viewed in two directions: both from state-owned banks and from commercial banks. If we take state-owned banks, such as the Sberbank of Russia, then the level of capitalization is quite stable, since it directly depends on the support of the state and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. And this indicator is gradually increasing, as the population trusts this bank more and provides the Sberbank with available types of monetary resources and securities for storage and their subsequent use.
If we consider commercial banks, then the level of capitalization is much lower, and it is very unstable, because here the owner of capital is a private person (banker), not the state, although there is the necessary support from the Central Bank of Russia, it is not is so significant, though very important. Because if part of the capital goes to support commercial banks during the period of instability (and this is quite common), then there is a shortage of money resources for projects more significant for the state, and the subsequent monetary circulation in the country slows down. There is a need to print new money to cover budget expenditures - there is already a depreciation of money with subsequent inflation, which negatively affects the economy of the state.
The ordinary population also has the crisis of mistrust, as commercial banks are a kind of "barrel of gunpowder": today this bank exists, and for tomorrow it is no more, as well as own money and deposits, which they no longer return. Therefore, a considerable number of citizens prefer to apply to state banks, there is a guarantee for return of their own capital, albeit in small form since all responsibility rests with the state, it cares about the level of the bank's capitalization being stable and stable.
If we talk about the interests of bankers, then I think they have recently become much tougher in relation to the population. Bankers, above all, now care about their own prosperity and wealth, rather than meeting the demand of ordinary citizens. They can easily raise loan rates (ie, they want to lend to the borrower at the maximum rate), tighten the rules for paying it and impose many other complex systemic procedures, which negatively affects the overall picture of the borrower's credit history. And bribery at this time is not an exception, and especially between bankers and the authorities. Now, this situation no one surprises - it has become, most likely, the usual business of the principle. Therefore, bankers do not need to strive for excess profits, but, on the contrary, try to multiply their capital-worthiness by trusting financial relations between the population and the owner of the savings. Then the "credit of trust" will be obvious and the economic interests of each of the parties will be completely satisfied.
I think that economic growth in Russia is currently extensive, and this is primarily due to traditional non-competitive products. Russia almost does not produce modern and high-quality competitive products of mass demand. Moreover, unlike the newly industrialized countries and such large developing countries as Brazil, India and especially China, Russia has not yet managed to break into the wide world market, to take its own reliable niches for the supply of finished products.
Russia remains also a country not brought to the end of reforms. Most of the failures in the sphere of the Russian economy and its reform were due to the weakness of the institutions of power, the lack of the necessary political will to create a truly effective market economy and the formation of a democratic system. Inadequate professionalism, illiteracy and uncertainty in decision-making, inactivity, and sometimes direct sabotage when implemented at different levels of state power, the merger of the latter with the financial and private entrepreneurial environment turned into a common phenomenon in the current management system in Russia. All this cannot but have a negative impact on the character of the development of our economy.