Контрольная работа по Английскому языку на тему: "Participle I и Participle II"

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №3

ВАРИАНТ 1

Упр. 1. Причастие I (Participle I Simple, Participle I Perfect) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Обратите внимание на причастия, выделенные жирным шрифтом, и укажите их синтаксическую функцию (часть сказуемого, определение или обстоятельство).
 

1. Automatic block systems are designed to keep a safe distance between trains travelling on the same track.

2. When designing Shinkansen trains, engineers gave much consideration to

aerodynamics.

3. Having measured the distance between two points, we can calculate the time a train can cover it, if we know the train's average speed.

4. The first Metro trains were driven by steam locomotives, which burnt coal, filling the tunnels with smoke.

5. People living near railroad tracks often get so used to the sounds of passing trains that they rarely notice the noise.


Упр. 2. Причастие II (Participle II) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Обратите внимание на причастия, выделенные жирным шрифтом, и укажите их синтаксическую функцию (часть сказуемого, определение или обстоятельство).

 

1. Rail lines in FIELDING had to be shut down for 6 hours, while a damaged wagon was uncoupled from the consist and lifted off the tracks by a crane.

2. If made of reinforced plastics, tank cars can be used for carrying wine and fruit juices.

3. Signals installed at frequent intervals along the track inform the drivers of the location of other trains.

4. When modernized, the railway track will carry high speed passenger trains at a speed of 250 kmh.

5. Train accidents caused by mechanical failure account for over 10 % of the total number of accidents.
 

Упр. 3. Причастие I и Причастие II

(А) Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в форму Participle I или Participle II в функции определения. Фразы перепишите и переведите.
 

1. a driver .... the EMU

2. a railway .... for high-speed passenger traffic

3. the engine ..... by R. Diesel

4. a dispatcher .... the movement of trains

5. the ... track section

6. trains ..... at a high speed

7. a sleeping car ......into compartments

8. a ..... hopper car

9. a swing bridge .... the SUEZ CANAL

10. passengers .... for the train to come

(Б) Заполните пропуски, выбрав подходящее по смыслу причастие. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу:

1. A tank car is a type of rail rolling stock ___ to transport liquid and gaseous goods.

2. The trains ___ on LINE C of the Rome Metro are completely automated.

3. ___ in 1994, the CHANNEL TUNNEL carries HS Eurostar passenger trains, the Eurotunnel Shuttles for road vehicles and international goods trains.

4. On many US railroads ___ freight traffic, trains become longer and less frequent.

5. Unless carefully ___, the new electric equipment mustn't be used.

6. The 16-car Shinkansen trains run at a speed of 210 kmh, ___ the distance between Tokyo and Osaka for 3h 10min.

7. In recent years, the amount of freight ___ by rail has considerably increased.

8. New York's Penn Station is North America's busiest station ___ up to 600,000 passengers a day.

9. The train journey from London to Norwich (184 km) takes exactly 2 hours, ___ stops.

10. The main disadvantages of steel sleepers are their high cost and the noise ___ by trains ___ over them.

(В) Заполните пропуски, выбрав подходящую по смыслу форму причастия. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу:
 

1. A locomotive hauls are consist of unpowered cars ___ passengers or freight.

 a) carrying b) having carried c) carried

2. The world's oldest terminal station was Crown Street railway station ___ in

Liverpool in 1830.

a) building b) having built c) built

3. One of the American locomotives in 1934 attracted much attention, as it was

the first locomotive ___ by the diesel-electric engine.

a) driving b) having driven c) driven

4. The trains ___ on the underground railways are supplied with low voltage

direct current.

a) operating b) having operated c) operated

5. ___ some worn out parts of the device, the mechanic carefully tested it.

a) replacing b) having replaced c) replaced

6. The track gang was working the whole day, ___ the roadbed.

a) leveling b) having leveled c) leveled

7. The TALGO is the first European tilting train ___ in Spain in the 1950s.

a) developing b) having developed c) developed

8. In 1964, Japan introduced its first Shinkansen train ___ the "bullet train" with service between Tokyo and Osaka.

a) nicknaming b) having nicknamed c) nicknamed

9. Intermodal freight transport is the transportation of freight in an intermodal container, ___ multiple vehicles.

a) using b) having used c) used

10. The company says it will take up to a week to clear the track and repair ___

rails.

a) damaging b) having damaged c) damaged

 

Упр. 4. Герундий

(А) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на способы перевода герундия.

1. Using high-pressure steam in a steam engine considerably reduced the weight of the engine and increased its efficiency.

2. The task of trackmen was inspecting the rails for cracks and eliminating the defects as soon as possible.

3. High capacity containers are capable of taking a load of up to 5-7 tons in weight.

4. The cost of transporting passengers and goods can be reduced by increasing the length and weight of trains.

5. As all Britain's railways are of standard gauge now, passengers can travel over several lines without changing trains.
 

(Б) Перепишите предложения. В каждом предложении заполните пробел герундием, образованным на основе одного из глаголов, данных в рамке.

1. One of the very first railways in the US, which was 3 miles in length, used horses for ..... wagons.

2. The adoption of a uniform track gauge has resulted in great .... both time and expenses.

3. In .....a railway, trackmen use special machines to make the land as level as possible.

4. Suddenly, the engine began .....a strange noise.

5. Passengers get access to the Metro platform by ....through turnstiles that require payment.

6. The research has focused on .... the train's aerodynamics.

7. From earliest days, the railways in Britain avoided......children but they still worked as car cleaners, bar-boys and lad porters.

 

Упр. 5. Атрибутивные словосочетания

(А) Перепишите атрибутивные словосочетания, образованные по схеме «существительное + существительное», и переведите их на русский язык.
 

a) station dwell time

b) railway traffic rules

c) rolling stock fleet

d) emergency braking

e) iron ore train

f) train wheels

g) passenger service quality

h) gondola body design

i) commuter line rehabilitation project

j) freight train derailment

k) train power supply system

l) dual-engine 6,600-horsepower diesel locomotive
 

(Б) Перепишите предложения, заполняя пропуски подходящими по смыслу атрибутивными словосочетаниями (a-l), данными выше.

1. The aim of the Fairmount commuter line ..... is to increase the ridership from 2,800 to 7,300 passengers а day.

2. The Long Island Rail Road is warning customers about train cancellations and delays due to а ......

3. On 28 Мау 1996, the 540-car .... hauled by 10 locomotives ran from Newman to Port Hedland, Australia at а distance of 254 miles.

4. The engine driver will only use the .... as а last resort, as it may damage and the rails.

5. То allow all the passengers to get on or off the train, double-deck trains often require longer . than single-deck t...rains.
 

 (А) Прочитайте текст, устно переведите его на русский язык и письменно выполните послетекстовые упражнения.

The First Transcontinental Railroad in the USA

The world's first transcontinental railroad was built between 1863 and 1869 to join the eastern and western parts of the United States. Its construction was considered to be one of the greatest American technological accomplishments of

the 19th century.

Before the railroad was built а significant portion of the population and even many engineering experts declared that the project was “impossible”, similar to the way skeptics mocked the idea of landing а man on the moon. There were а lot of obstacles to be overcome – huge mountain ranges to get past, gigantic tunnels through rock that needed to be bored through and deep chasms that were to be bridged. ...

(Б) Перепишите следующие фразы и выпишите из текста их английские эквиваленты.
 

1. одно из величайших достижений девятнадцатого века в области техники

2. глубокие пропасти, которые нужно было перекрыть мостами

3. железная дорога, пересекающая всю страну от Тихого океана до Атлантического.

4. основными средствами для выполнения большей части строительных работ были лопаты и кирки

5. хотя проект нравился как государственным, так и коммерческим структурам, он был отложен по ряду причин

6. железная дорога стандартной колеи протяжённостью 1775 миль

7. на широко разрекламированной церемонии открытия присутствовали

8. укладывали последний участок пути

9. вбил последний церемониальный рельсовый костыль серебряным молотом

10. поездка, которая продолжалась несколько месяцев, была очень опасной и требовала больших трат
 

(В) Перепишите предложения. Если утверждение соответствует содержанию текста, напишите "TRUE", если не соответствует - "FALSE". Исправьте неверные утверждения.

1. In 1862, Congress passed the act that authorized the construction of the first American railroad. 

2. The new railroad was to promote economic development of the whole nation.

3. It took six years to construct the world's first transcontinental railroad. 

4. The Union Pacific Began construction two years later than the Central Pacific but laid down more miles of track. 

5. Crowds of spectators gathered in Promontory, Utah to witness the ceremony of the MOSSDALE bridge inauguration. 

 (Г) Из четырёх предложенных вариантов, выберите верный ответ на вопрос к тексту.

1. When did the US government seriously consider the idea of building the railroad connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic coasts?

a) after the U.S. Congress had passed an act to construct the transcontinental railroad

b) in the late eighteen forties

c) before the world's first railway was built in Great Britain

d) at the beginning of the nineteenth century

2. Why was the transcontinental railroad to promote economic development of

the western US?

a) because there would be more goods to sell and buy

b) because more people and goods could be carried across the continent quickly and efficiently

c) because horses could be used on the farms more efficiently

d) because people could choose various means of transport to travel from coast to coast

3. Why did many engineering experts declare that it was impossible to build

the railroad across the entire nation?

a) because there were a lot of natural obstacles to be overcome

b) because bulldozers, heavy machinery or trucks had to be used

c) because there were no shovels and pick axes at that time

d) because dynamite had not been invented until 1867

4. Who laid the last section of the track on May 10, 1869?

a) trackmen working for the Union Pacific

b) Chinese immigrants hired by the Central Pacific

c) Leland Stanford, head of CPRR

d) Chinese and Irish crews

5. Why was the last spike often referred to as the Golden Spike?

a) because it looked like made of gold

b) because it was covered with gold

c) because it was made of copper-alloyed gold

d) because it was very expensive

 

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №4

ВАРИАНТ 1

Упр. 1. Инфинитив (Infinitive)

(А) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. В каждом предложении подчеркните инфинитив и укажите его синтаксическую функцию (подлежащее, часть именного сказуемого, дополнение, определение, обстоятельство).
 

1. The aim of using several locomotives in one train is to carry heavyweight loads.

2. To avoid damage to goods and prevent them from pilferage, railways use metal containers of 3, 5, 20 tons.

3. It is impossible to move at the same speed along the whole route as it has some curves and grades.

4. The wooden sleepers to be laid down on the track must be treated with creosote.

5. Rail freight operators are planning to invest € 4-7 million per year in new rolling stock in the next five years.

(Б) Составьте предложения их двух подходящих по смыслу частей. Переведите на русский язык те предложения, в которых инфинитив употребляется в функции часть составного именного сказуемого.
 

1. The Baltimore and Ohio line was the first common carrier railroad ....

2. To convert a railway to electric traction .....

3. The New Zealand government proposed to spend $150m .....

4. Japanese and French engineers were the first ....

5. Tank cars to be filled with milk ....

6. The function of railway signals is....

Упр. 2. Неличные формы глагола (Participle I, Participle II, Gerund, Infinitive) Подберите к английским словосочетаниям (A) русские эквиваленты (B), учитывая правила перевода неличных форм глагола.

 

A

1. the rails laid down on the track

2. for laying down the rails on the track

3. to lay down the rails on the track

4. having laid down the rails on the track

5. the rails to be laid on the track

6. after laying down the rails

7. the track gang laying down the rails

8. the task is to lay down the rails

9. while laying down the rails on the track

10. instead of laying down the rails

Упр. 3. Инфинитивные обороты

(А) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. В каждом предложении подчеркните инфинитивный оборот "Сложное подлежащее".

Model: He is unlikely to be able to get tickets for this train.

Вряд ли он сможет достать билеты на этот поезд.

1. The diesel engine is known to belong to the class of internal-combustion engines in which the fuel is burnt inside the engine itself.

2. The failure in power supply system was reported to have caused considerable train delays.

3. Proposals to link Moscow with the European high-speed network through Poland are likely to remain proposals because of a lack of funds.

(Б) Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык. В каждом предложении подчеркните инфинитивный оборот "Сложное дополнение".

Model: They expected the train to arrive on time.

Они рассчитывали на то, что поезд прибудет вовремя.

1. The special commission set up after the train accident required the railway operator to improve safety measures at the level crossings.

2. The application of the air brake causes the train to stop rather quickly.

3. On 28 December 1879, many people saw the TAY Bridge collapse while the train was crossing it.
 

(B) Составьте английские предложения, соответствующие по смыслу русским. Обратите внимание на порядок слов в предложениях с инфинитивными оборотами "Сложное подлежащее" и "Сложное дополнение".

1. Ожидается, что ходовые испытания нового поезда на магнитной подвеске пройдут успешно.

2. Опасные грузы надлежит перевозить в специализированных цистернах.

3. Использование новых путеукладчиков позволило железной дороге сократить количество рабочих, занятых на ремонтных работах.

4. Некоторые пассажиры не знали, что железная дорога изменила расписание пригородного электропоезда.
 

Упр. 4. Условные предложения (Conditionals)

(А) Перепишите следующие условные предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Определите тип условных предложений.
 

1. The engine used in diesel locomotives will shut down automatically if a problem such as a loss of oil pressure occurs.

2. The fast train from Manchester would have arrived on time if it hadn't been held up by the track repair work.

3. If ballast weren't renewed from time to time, railway track would sink in many places.

(Б) Закончите предложения, выбрав один из предложенных вариантов. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу:
 

1. If the tunnel were bored, ...

a) the track would be repaired

b) the freight rates would be greatly reduced

c) the railroad would be 30 km shorter.

2. He would have caught the train ...

a) if you had come a minute later.

b) if he had not got stuck in a traffic jam.

c) if you had not hurried up.

3. Wooden sleepers will last about 20 years ...

a) if they had been treated with creosote.

b) if they were treated with creosote.

c) if they are treated with creosote.

4. Track construction would be less expensive and difficult ...

а) if the railways were built in flat terrain.

b) if there were а lot of curves and grades.

c) if track-laying machines weren't used.

5. The trains wouldn't have been delayed ...

а) if the track repair had been completed on time.

b) if the track repair were completed on time.

c) if the track repair will be completed on time.
 

Упр. 5. Типы вопросительных предложений (Types of Interrogative Sentences) Перепишите предложения и задайте к ним вопросы. Тип вопроса указан в скобках.

1. Cars coupled together can be hauled by one or more locomotives. (общий)

2. Trains depart from Rugby at half-hourly intervals until 4.00 pm. (альтернативный)

3. At the time of the crash, the train was traveling at full speed. (специальный)

4. The Channel Tunnel consists of three tunnels: two rail tunnels and а service tunnel. (разделительный)

5. The railway company apologized to the passengers for train delays. (общий)

6. In Spain, double-deck trains are used on several commuter rail lines to carry more passengers. (специальный)

7. The generator has failed three times during its test run. (альтернативный)

8. Until 2007, high-speed trains traveling at 350 kmh weren't operated in Spain.
 

Упр. 6. Текст

(А) Прочитайте текст, устно переведите его на русский язык и письменно выполните послетекстовые упражнения.

Inauguration of Light Rail in Dallas

DART Light Rail is а light rail system in Dallas. Texas and its suburbs owned and operated by DART (Dallas Area Rapid Transit). Its first section was inaugurated on 14 June 1996. Marching bands, balloons, free rides created а lively atmosphere in Dallas, when the city and its surrounding region celebrated the Grand Opening of the first modern light rail line in Texas. The ceremonies were held in the city centre as well as at all some stations along the initial 20-km route.

More than 4,000 local officials and citizens from across the region gathered in temperatures of over +37° С to witness the opening of the light rail....

 (Б) Перепишите следующие фразы и выпишите из текста их английские эквиваленты.
 

1. система легкорельсового транспорта

2. на наружных сторонах нескольких вагонов

3. регулярные коммерческие перевозки

4. билет в одном направлении / билет туда и обратно

5. неограниченное количество поездок

6. ЛТС, оборудованное установкой для кондиционирования воздуха

7. могли эксплуатироваться самостоятельно или в составе поезда из двух- трёх вагонов

8. частота движения

9. средний пассажиропоток в будние дни

10. пассажировместимость
 

(В) Перепишите следующие вопросы к тексту и ответьте на них.

1. When was the first section of the Dallas light rail system officially opened?

2. During the grand opening, the ceremonies were held at all fourteen stations, weren't they?

3. Did more than 8,000 passengers ride the light rail line on the first afternoon?

4. How many passengers could а train of three LRVs accommodate?

5. Could the LRVs operate singly or only in trains of up to three?

6. How many lines does the Dallas light rail system comprise nowadays?

7. What features do "Super" LRVs have?
 

 (Г) Перепишите предложения. Если утверждение соответствует содержанию текста, напишите TRUE (верно), если не соответствует – FALSE (неверно), если в тексте нет точной информации – NOT STATED (не сказано). Исправьте неверные утверждения.

1. Construction of the first line of Dallas light rail system began in June 1996. –

2. Light rail vehicles draw power from an overhead electric line and are driven by an on-board operator. 

3. More than 4,000 people attended the ceremony of inauguration of the light rail in Dallas. 

4. Passengers were able to ride for $1 for the whole week in a "Try-it-you'll-like-it" campaign. 

5. The Government of Texas sponsored the Grand Opening of the light rail. 

6. Nowadays, Dallas light rail system serves 2 million people in 12 cities covering 790 square miles. 

7. On an average weekday, LRVs carry about 101,500 passengers.