Оглавление

 Введение................................................................................................. 2      

Глава 1.................................................................................................... 3

Литературный обзор.............................................................................. 4

1.1. Телесные иллюзии....................................................................... 5

1.2. Соматоформные расстройства.................................................... 8

1.3. Исследования восприятия собственного тела у пациентов с соматоформными расстройствами.................................................. 11

Глава 2 Эмпирическая часть............................................................... 15

2.1. Постановка проблемы............................................................... 15

2.2 Методика исследования............................................................. 17

2.3 Характеристика испытуемых..................................................... 17

2.4 Оборудование и материалы....................................................... 19

2.5 Процедура и условия проведения эксперимента...................... 19

2.6. Методы обработки данных и результаты................................. 23

2.7 Результаты по опроснику чувства обладания искусственной рукой (ownership).............................................................................. 29

Глава 3. Обсуждение и выводы........................................................... 33

Заключение........................................................................................... 35

Литература........................................................................................... 38

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ.................................................................................... 46

Информированное согласие............................................................. 46

Анкета............................................................................................... 47

Опросник функциональной мануальной асимметрии.................... 49

Опросник Ownership......................................................................... 50       

Введение

Что значит для человека тело?  Где начинаются его границы, а где заканчиваются? Как тело человека воспринимает окружающий мир?

   Мозг строит гипотезы на основе входящих сигналов различных модальностей с учётом прошлого опыта индивида. То, что индивидууму кажется таким реалистичным и правдоподобным, — является образом, отражением действительности.

   Одним из подтверждений этого утверждения являются иллюзии восприятия. Благодаря опыту мозг строит перцептивные категории объектов. Эти категории возникают из основного взаимодействия с объектом, а у людей - с помощью концептуальных знаний и наименований. Эти перцептивные (и, в меньшей степени, концептуальные) категории служат схемой или шаблонами, а восприятие происходит через процесс сопоставления сенсорных шаблонов с перцепционными шаблонами. 

     Иллюзии - это особые перцептивные переживания, в которых информация, возникающая из «реальных» внешних стимулов, приводит к неправильному восприятию или ложному впечатлению объекта или события, из которого происходит стимуляция. [81] Иллюзии восприятия — искаженное восприятие реальных предметов.

      Особенно многочисленны зрительные иллюзии («обманы зрения»), возникающие при отражении некоторых пространственных свойств предметов (длин отрезков, величин предметов и углов, расстояний между предметами, формы) и движения. [80].

      В данной курсовой работе мы подробно изучим процесс формирования иллюзии резиновой руки, причины возникновения этой иллюзии и связь скорости ее появления и угасания у пациентов, имеющих соматоформные расстройства и у здоровых людей.

 

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